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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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biology
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the scientific study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment
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cells
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the smallest unit that can perform all life processes
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reproduction
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the process of producing offspring
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metabolism
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the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism
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homeostasis
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the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment
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gene
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a segment of DNA that is located in a chromosome and that codes for a specific hereditary trait
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heredity
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the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring
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mutation
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a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule
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evolution
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a heritable change in the characteristics within a population from one generation to the next
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species
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a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring
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natural selection
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the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do
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ecology
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the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment
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observation
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the process of obtaining information by using the senses
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hypothesis
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a testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation
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prediction
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a statement made in advance that expresses the results that will be obtained from testing a hypothesis if the hypothesis is supported
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pH
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a value that is used to express the acidity or alkalinity (basicity) of a system
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experiment
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a procedure that is carried out under controlled conditions to discover, demonstrate, or test a fact, theory, or general truth
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control group
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in an experiment, a group that serves as a standard of comparison with another group to which the control group is identical except for one factor
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independent variable
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in an experiment, the factor that is deliberately manipulated
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dependent variable
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in an experiment, the factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more other factors (the independent variables)
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theory
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a system of ideas that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation
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