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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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evolution
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all of the changes that have transformed life over an immense time
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adaptation
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an inherited characteristic that improves an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment
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descent with modification
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process by which descendants of ancestral organisms spread into various habitats and accumulate adaptations to diverse ways of life
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Natural Selection
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the process by which individuals with inherited characteristics well-suited to the environment leave more offspring on average than do other individuals
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fossils
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preserved remains or markings left by organisms that lived in the past
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fossil record
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the chronological collection of life's remains in the rock layers
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extinct
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species that no longer exist
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homologous structures
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similar structures in species sharing a common ancestor
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vestigial structures
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remnants of structures that may have had important functions in an ancestral species, but have no clear function in some of the modern descendants
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population
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a group of individuals of the same species living in the same are at the same time
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variation
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the differences among members of the same species
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artificial selection
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the selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to produce offspring with genetic traits that humans value
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gene pool
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all the alleles in all the individuals that make up a population
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microevolution
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evolution of the smallest scale
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