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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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5 main nutrients |
Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Fibre, Water |
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2 minor nutrients |
Vitamins and Minerals |
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What do they do? |
Carbohydrates - supply body with energy, intestinal health and waste Fats - supply body with energy, insulates body Proteins - general growth and repair of cells, provide structure for cells Fibre - assist with digestion Water - our body uses it in cells, tissues and organs to regulate temperature, keeps us hydrated Vitamins - different ones help with different functions Minerals - helps body grow, helps bodily functions
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Functions of Oral Cavity |
Pick up food Tongue helps to swallow food Saliva Contains amylase to digest carbohydrates Teeth mechanically break down food through chewing |
4 different things |
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What motion does the oesophagus do |
Peristaltic motion |
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Where is bile made and stored? |
Made in the liver, stored in the hall bladder |
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What does the stomach do? |
Hcl- kills bacteria, breaks down proteins Pepsin- breaks down proteins Goblet cells- secrete mucus |
Hcl, pepsin, goblet cells |
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What is the gut flora? |
Community of micro organisms that live in the digestive tracts of humans |
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Role of pancreas |
Protease-breaks down proteins Amylase- breaks down carbs Lipase-breaks down fats Bicarbonate- neutralises gastric acid |
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What does glucose do? |
Sugar that is used |
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What is glycogen |
Stored sugar |
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What is glucagon? |
A hormone that coverts glycogen into glucose |
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What's a catalyst? |
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up in the process |
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Enzyme shape-describe what happens |
Substrate fits into active site of enzyme and this produces an enzyme substrate complex. The enzyme then remains and products are produced. |
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What does denature mean? |
When the temperature is too hot and so the enzyme is destroyed and changes shape so the substrate no longer fits the active site |
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What do incisors do? |
Nibbling and cutting |
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What do canine teeth do |
Gripping, piercing |
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Molars and pre molars |
Shearing, grinding |
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Location of gut flora in simple mono-gastric DS |
large intestines |
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Location of gut flora in ruminant DS |
Rumen and large intestines |
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Location of gut flora in bird DS |
Caecaw |
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Where are digestive enzymes secreted |
Pancreas, salivary gland (amylase), small intestine (protease, lipase, amylase) |
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Define homeostatis |
Regulating and maintaining body (sugar, temperature) |
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Location of gut flora in hind gut fermenter DS |
large intestine and caecum |
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Sugar levels too high... |
Beta cells release insulin, fat cells take in glucose from the blood and the liver stores it as glycogen |
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Sugar levels too low.... |
Alpha cells release glucagon, liver converts glycogen into glucose which is then released into the body |
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