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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an atom?
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smallest basic unit of matter
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What is an element?
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a particular type of atom and can not be broken down
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What is a compound?
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substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together
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What is an Ion?
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an atom that has gained or lost one or more electron
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What is a molecule?
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two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
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What is a solution?
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is a mixture of substances that is the same throughout
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what is a solvent?
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the substance that is present in the greater amount and dissolves another substance
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What is a solute?
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a substance that dissolves in a solvent
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What is a carbohydrates?
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molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and include sugars and starches
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What are lipids?
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molecules that include, fats, oils, and cholestrol
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What are fatty acids?
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chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms
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What is protein?
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a polymer made of monomers called amino acids
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What are amino acids?
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molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
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What are nucleic acids?
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polymers that are made up of monomers called nucleotides
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What is a chemical reaction?
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change substances into different substances by breaking and forming chemical bonds
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What is a reactant?
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are the substances changed during a chemical reaction
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What is a product?
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are the substances made by a chemical reaction
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What is equilibrium?
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when both reactants and products are made at the same rate
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What is activation energy?
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the amount of energy that needs to be absorbed for chemical reaction to start
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what is exothermic?
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chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs
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what is endothermic?
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chemical reaction absorbs more energy than it releases
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what are enzymes?
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are catalysts, lower the activation energy and increase the rate of chemical reactions
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what are catalysts?
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a substnace that decreases the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction, and also increases the rate of the chemical reaction
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what are substrates?
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an enzyme acts on these
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