Biology 2120 Quiz 1: Chemistry 1

Front 1

Back 1

Lipid

Front 2

Back 2

Functional Protein

Front 3

Back 3

Nucleotide

Front 4

Back 4

Polysaccharide

Front 5

Back 5

Monosaccharide

Front 6

A:

Back 6

Hydrogen Bond

Front 7

B:

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Deoxyribose Sugar

Front 8

C:

Back 8

Phosphate

Front 9

D:

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Thymine

Front 10

E:

Back 10

Guanine

Front 11

A bond in which electrons are shard unequally

Back 11

Polar Covalent Bond

Front 12

A bond in which electrons are lost or gained by atoms involved:

Back 12

Ionic Bond

Front 13

A bond in which electrons are equally shared:

Back 13

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

Front 14

A Type of bond important in tying different parts of the same molecule together into a three-dimensional structure:

Back 14

Hydrogen Bond

Front 15

Electrically charged particle due to a loss of an electron:

Back 15

Cation

Front 16

Neutral subatomic particle:

Back 16

Neutron

Front 17

Smallest particle of an element that retains its properties:

Back 17

Atom

Front 18

Smallest particle of a compound that still retains its properties:

Back 18

Molecule

Front 19

Water:

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Compound

Front 20

Carbon:

Back 20

Element

Front 21

Anything that occupies space and has mass:

Back 21

Matter

Front 22

Although a man who weights 175 pounds on Earth would be lighter on the moon and heavier on Jupiter, his _______ would not be different.

Back 22

Mass

Front 23

Is a function of, and varies with gravity:

Back 23

Weight

Front 24

A synthesis reaction always involves bond formation:

Back 24

True

Front 25

Chemical properties are determined primarily by neutrons:

Back 25

False

Front 26

A charged particle is correctly called an ion:

Back 26

True

Front 27

Isotopes differ from each other only in the number of electrons contained:

Back 27

False

Front 28

About 60-80% of the volume of livings cells consists of organic compounds:

Back 28

False

Front 29

Lipids are a poor source of energy:

Back 29

False

Front 30

Glucose is an example of a monosaccharide:

Back 30

True

Front 31

A molecule consisting of 1 carbon atom and 2 oxygen atoms is correctly written as CO2

Back 31

True

Front 32

The lower the pH, the higher hydrogen ion concentration:

Back 32

True

Front 33

Covalent bonds are generally weaker than ionic bonds:

Back 33

False

Front 34

Hydrogen bonds are strong bonds:

Back 34

False

Front 35

All organic compounds are covalently bonded:

Back 35

True

Front 36

In general, the category of lipids that we refer to as oils have:

Back 36

High degree of unsaturated bonds

Front 37

The genetic information is coded in DNA by:

Back 37

The sequence of the nucleotides

Front 38

Which of the following is not true of proteins:

Back 38

They appear to be the molecular carriers of the coded hereditary information.

Front 39

The single most abundant protein in the body is:

Back 39

Collagen

Front 40

Carbohydrates are stored in the liver and muscle in the form of:

Back 40

Glycogen

Front 41

The speed or rate of a chemical reaction is influenced by all of the following except:

Back 41

The presence or absence of carbon

Front 42

Salts are always:

Back 42

Ionic Compounds

Front 43

A solution that has a pH of 2 could best be described as being:

Back 43

Acidic

Front 44

Which of the following would be regarded as an organic molecule:

Back 44

CH4

Front 45

A chain of 25 amino acids would be called a:

Back 45

Peptide

Front 46

A long chain of simple sugars would be a:

Back 46

Polysaccharides

Front 47

Carbohydrates and proteins are built up from their basic building blocks by the:

Back 47

Removal of water molecule between each 2 units.

Front 48

Which statement about enzymes is false?

Back 48

Enzymes raise the activation energy needed to start a reaction.

Front 49

Select the statement that is most correct regarding chemical bonds.

Back 49

Hydrogen bonds are very weak and often involve water.

Front 50

Select the most correct statement regarding nucleic acids.

Back 50

DNA is a long, double-stranded molecule made up of A, T, G, and C nucleotides.

Front 51

Select the correct statement about isotopes.

Back 51

Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number but differ in their atomic weights.

Front 52

The four elements that make up about 96% of body matter are:

Back 52

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen.

Front 53

Atom X has seventeen protons. How many electrons are in its valence shell?

Back 53

7

Front 54

If atom X has an atomic number of 74 it would have ________.

Back 54

74 protons and roughly the same number of neutrons

Front 55

The formula C6H12O6 means:

Back 55

there are 12 hydrogen, 6 carbon and 6 oxygen atoms

Front 56

The chemical symbol O = O means

Back 56

the atoms are double bonded

Front 57

Dipole is:

Back 57

a polar molecule.

Front 58

CH4 means

Back 58

there is one carbon and four hydrogen atoms.

Front 59

Amino acids joining together to make a peptide is a good example of a ________ reaction.

Back 59

synthesis

Front 60

The following is not an electrolyte

Back 60

H2O

Front 61

Grapefruit juice (pH 3) has ________ times the concentration of coffee (pH 5).

Back 61

100

Front 62

Sucrose is a ________.

Back 62

disaccharide

Front 63

Neutral fats have a ________ ratio of fatty acids to glycerol.

Back 63

3:1

Front 64

The atomic number is equal to the number of ________.

Back 64

protons

Front 65

Molecules such as methane that share electrons have ________ bonds.

Back 65

covalent

Front 66

Polysaccharides with long chains of similar units are called ________.

Back 66

polymers

Front 67

In a DNA molecule guanine would connect to ________.

Back 67

cytosine

Front 68

The ________ molecule directly provides energy for cellular work.

Back 68

ATP

Front 69

Starch is the stored carbohydrate in plants while ________ is the stored carbohydrate in animals.

Back 69

glycogen

Front 70

Explain the difference between potential and kinetic energy.

Back 70

potential energy is the energy an object has relative to position. Kinetic energy is energy associated with moving.

Front 71

What advantages does ATP have in being the energy currency molecule?

Back 71

It is easy to store; it releases just the right amount of energy for the cell's needs so it is protected from excessive energy release. A universal energy currency is efficient because a single system can be used by all cells of the body.

Front 72

Describe the factors that affect chemical reaction rates.

Back 72

Temperature increases kinetic energy and therefore the force of molecular collisions. Particle size: smaller particles move faster at the same temperature and therefore collide more frequently; also, smaller particles have more surface area given the same concentration of reactants. Concentration: the higher the concentration, the greater the chance of particles colliding. Catalysts increase the rate of the reaction at a given temperature. Enzymes are biologically catalysts.

Front 73

Protons and electrons exist in every atom nucleus except hydrogen. Is this statement true or false and why?

Back 73

False - Hydrogen has one proton and one electron. It is the neutron that hydrogen does not have.

Front 74

Name four things you know about enzymes.

Back 74

1. They are proteins.
2. They have specific binding sites for specific substrates.
3. They lower the activation barrier for a specific reaction.
4. The names end in ase.
5. They can be denatured.
6. They can be used again and again.

Front 75

How can DNA be used to "fingerprint" a suspect in a crime?

Back 75

The DNA of a person is unique to that individual. By obtaining the DNA from nucleated cells from the crime scene (e.g., tissue, sperm), heating it gently to separate the strands, combining it with the suspect's DNA, and allowing it to reanneal, the relatedness can be determined by the amount of base pairing.