Biology 1610 Unit 1 Exam

Front 1

What kind of reaction breaks down polymers to form monomers?

Back 1

Hydrolysis

Front 2

The making and breaking of chemical bonds is called a

Back 2

Chemical reaction

Front 3

How many levels of protein structure are there?

Back 3

4

Front 4

What are compounds with the same number and type of atoms, but a different structure called?

Back 4

isomer

Front 5

What is the charge of a proton

Back 5

positive

Front 6

Which property of water contributes the moderate temperatures near the coasts?

Back 6

high specific heat

Front 7

Nucleic acids are ______ made up of monomers called ________.

Back 7

polynucleotides; nucleotides

Front 8

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electrons?

Back 8

Covalent

Front 9

_____ conveys genetic instructions for building proteins.

Back 9

RNA

Front 10

How many hydrogen bonds does one molecule of water form?

Back 10

4

Front 11

Organic chemistry is the study of ________ compounds.

Back 11

carbon compounds

Front 12

In an atom, which particles are the smallest?

Back 12

electrons

Front 13

Which property of water helps organisms to resist dramatic changes of body temperature?

Back 13

high specific heat

Front 14

True or false: reactions cannot create or destroy atom

Back 14

true

Front 15

Cholesterol is an example of a _______.

Back 15

steroid

Front 16

What is a good example of a cis or trans isomer?

Back 16

transfat

Front 17

How much of the earth’s surface is covered by water?

Back 17

70%

Front 18

What is biology?

Back 18

the study of life

Front 19

What does it mean that biology is multidisciplinary?

Back 19

it goes together with other sciences like chemistry and physics

Front 20

the major function of fats is

Back 20

energy storage

Front 21

Which electron shell has the lowest potential energy?

Back 21

first

Front 22

Other than the use of uracil vs thymine, what is the major difference between RNA and DNA?A.THE SUGAR IN RNA HAS AN ADDITIONAL OH GROUP

B.RNA FORMS AS A SINGLE STRAND

C.A & B

D.NONE OF THE ABOVE

Back 22

C

Front 23

Lipids are hydrophobic

A.TRUE B.FALSE

Back 23

true

Front 24

the shape of a molecule determines its

Back 24

function

Front 25

What unit is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius?

Back 25

calorie

Front 26

A bond formed through the attraction of anions and cations is called a/an...?

Back 26

ionic bond

Front 27

What are carbohydrates used for in the human body?

Back 27

energy

Front 28

The bond between amino acids is called a ______ bond.

Back 28

peptide

Front 29

What are the emergent properties of water that make it suitable to life?

Back 29

high specific heat, good solvent, water expands when frozen, cohesion of water

Front 30

What particles make up atoms?

Back 30

protons, neutrons, and electrons

Front 31

The specific heat of water is higher or lower than most other substances?

Back 31

higher

Front 32

The _____ of water makes it a very versatile solvent.

Back 32

polarity

Front 33

What is the most common element in the human body?

Back 33

oxygen

Front 34

What is an example of a compound?

Back 34

H2O

Front 35

Which functional groups do all amino acids consist of?

Back 35

amine and carboxyl

Front 36

The two strands of a DNA double helix are held together by what type of bonds?

Back 36

hydrogen bonds

Front 37

DNA molecules form a _________.

Back 37

double helix

Front 38

An acid is a substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. TRUE or FALSE

Back 38

true

Front 39

The ______ of a molecule is central to its _______.

Back 39

shape; function

Front 40

_____ is the genetic material that organisms inherit from their parents.

Back 40

DNA

Front 41

Which nucleotide is found only in DNA?

Back 41

thymine

Front 42

Ca2+ is an example of a/an...?

Back 42

cation

Front 43

Which property of water allows marine life to continue during winter?

Back 43

water freezes from the top to the bottom

Front 44

Which functional group is most likely to be responsible for an organic compound behaving as a base?

Back 44

amine

Front 45

Molecules are formed through which kind of bonds?

Back 45

covalent

Front 46

Acidic solutions have more H ions than OH ions.

Back 46

true

Front 47

All proteins are constructed from the same set of ___ amino acids.

Back 47

20

Front 48

What trademark functional groups are a part of all sugars?

Back 48

hydroxyl and carbonyl

Front 49

Hydrogen bonding contributes significantly to the important characteristics of water that allow it to support life. TRUE or FALSE

Back 49

true

Front 50

What are atoms of the same element but with a different number of neutrons called?

Back 50

isotopes

Front 51

Which property of water allows it to form into droplets?

Back 51

cohesion/surface tension

Front 52

Acids donate extra OH ions to a solution.TRUE or FALSE

Back 52

false

Front 53

What nucleotide does cytosine pair with?

Back 53

guanine

Front 54

What are the major elements of life?

Back 54

CHONPS (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphurus, Sulfur

Front 55

Several ________ contribute to pH stability in human blood and other biological solutions.

Back 55

buffers

Front 56

Which type of lipids are major constituents of cell membranes?

Back 56

phosolipids

Front 57

What is the pH of a neutral solution?

Back 57

7

Front 58

What is an enzyme?

Back 58

protein, speeds up reactions

Front 59

How many bonds can carbon form?

Back 59

4

Front 60

About how much does at atom with 30 protons, 35 neutrons, and 30 electrons weigh?

Back 60

65 amu

Front 61

The ________________ determines the 3D structure of a protein.

Back 61

Amino acid sequence of polypeptide

Front 62

DNA and RNA are two types of ________.

Back 62

Nucleic Acids

Front 63

How is the chemical behavior of an atom determined?

Back 63

valence electrons

Front 64

Would an atom with a complete or incomplete valence shell be more reactive?

Back 64

incomplete

Front 65

Basic solutions have more hydrogen atoms than hydroxide ions. True or False

Back 65

false

Front 66

What is the table called that lists all of the elements?

Back 66

Periodic table of elements

Front 67

Pure water has an unequal concentration of H and OH ions.TRUE or FALSE

Back 67

false

Front 68

What is the atomic number of an element with 11 protons, 11 electrons, and 12 neutrons?

Back 68

11

Front 69

Which electron shell has the greatest potential energy?

Back 69

Furthest from the nucleus

Front 70

Which property of water allows oceans and lakes to be completely melted in the summer?

Back 70

Freezes from top to bottom

Front 71

What kind of reaction connects monomers to form polymers?

Back 71

dehydration

Front 72

How many fatty acid chains do phospholipids have?

Back 72

two

Front 73

Cl- is an example of a/an...?

Back 73

anion

Front 74

Sugars are an example of which type of macromolecule?

Back 74

Carbohydrates

Front 75

The _____ property of water allows it to be transported from a plant’s roots to its leaves?

Back 75

Cohesion/adhesion

Front 76

pH decreases as H ions increase.TRUE or FALSE

Back 76

true

Front 77

How many neutrons are in an atom with the mass number of 35 and an atomic number of 17?

Back 77

17

Front 78

What are polymers built of?

Back 78

Monomers

Front 79

Which subatomic particles are directly involved in chemical reactions?

Back 79

electrons

Front 80

H2 is an example of a/an...?

Back 80

molecule

Front 81

Phospholipids include a ______ group, which makes one end of the molecule polar.

Back 81

phosphate

Front 82

How many electrons can occupy a single orbital?

Back 82

2

Front 83

If the atoms involved in a chemical bond have differing electronegativies, what type of bond will be formed?

Back 83

polar

Front 84

A base reduces hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.A.TRUE orB.FALSE

Back 84

True

Front 85

Oil is hydrophilic.A.TRUE or B.FALSE

Back 85

false

Front 86

Which nucleotide is found only in RNA?

Back 86

uracil

Front 87

What is matter?

Back 87

Anything that takes up space and has mass

Front 88

Atoms with different atomic masses are always different elements? true or false

Back 88

false

Front 89

What nucleotide does adenine pair with?

Back 89

Thymine, uracil

Front 90

Salts are formed through which kind of bonds?

Back 90

Ionic

Front 91

What makes all atoms of a particular element the same?

Back 91

number of protons

Front 92

What sort of bonds hold molecules of water to each other?

Back 92

polar and covalent

Front 93

Water is an example of a/an...?

Back 93

compound

Front 94

How many chemical bonds can nitrogen form if it has 5 valence electrons?

Back 94

3

Front 95

RNA molecules exist as single strands which allow it to be more variable in shape.TRUEFALSE

Back 95

true