Biology 123 Test Ii

Front 1

The process by which polymers are turned into monomers is called?

Back 1

Hydrolysis

Front 2

The nucleotide that supplies energy for dehydration synthesis is?

Back 2

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Front 3

After hydrolysis of a triglyceride; we would have?

Back 3

fatty acids and glycerol

Front 4

Which is the incorrect association between monomer and polymer?

Back 4

nucleic acid - polypeptide

Front 5

Fats which have one or more double bonds within their fatty acid tails are labeled as __ fats?

Back 5

unsaturated

Front 6

Polysaccharides, the complex carbohydrates, break down into reduced/simple sugars during which of the following processes?

Back 6

Hydrolysis

Front 7

All of the following are functional benefits of the body's fat stores except?

Back 7

Enzyme Action

Front 8

Complex carbohydrates are stored in animals in the form of?

Back 8

Gylcogen

Front 9

The plasma membrane is composed primarily of?

Back 9

Phospholipids

Front 10

The tails of the phospholipids are?

A) Nonpolar

B) Hydrophobic

C) Directed inwards in the bilayer

D) All of these

Back 10

D) All of these

Front 11

The permeability of most membranes is reduced by the presence of ___ in the membrane.

Back 11

cholesterol

Front 12

Particular molecules or ions freely cross the plasma membrane with assistance from?

Back 12

Channel Proteins

Front 13

A person's blood type is determined by the presence of particular __ in the red blood cell's membrane.

Back 13

Gyloproteins

Front 14

Which of the following does NOT move freely (without energy or a carrier protein) across the plasma membrane?

Back 14

NA+

Front 15

Osmosis is specifically about the movement of __ in and out of cells.

Back 15

Water

Front 16

If the inside of a cell is 1% NaCl, which solution is isotonic to the cell?

Back 16

1% NaCl

Front 17

When a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution which of the following will occur?

Back 17

The central vacuole gains water

Front 18

The term hemolysis refers to?

Back 18

red blood cells that burst after being placed in a hypotonic solution

Front 19

Which of the following correctly describes facilitated transport?

Back 19

Molecules move from high concentration to low concentration

Front 20

Insulin leaves insulin-secreting cells by?

Back 20

exocytosis

Front 21

The peptide hormone, follicle stimulation hormone, would activate its specific target cells by?

Back 21

binding a receptor protein in the plasma membranes

Front 22

Heart cells are able to contract in unison because of the flow of ions through?

Back 22

gap junctions

Front 23

People may get injections of ___, a component of the extracellular matrix of animal cells, to get rid of their wrinkles.

Back 23

Collagen

Front 24

Which of the following correctly describes active transport?

A) carrier proteins are needed

B) It requires the expenditure of energy

C) Molecules move from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration

D) All of these

Back 24

D) All of these

Front 25

Macrophages, immune system cells, engulf bacteria by?

Back 25

phagocytosis

Front 26

The amount of phospholipid extracted from red blood cells led researchers to propose that?

Back 26

The phospholipids form a bilayer around the cell

Front 27

According to the fluid-mosaic model, ___ are partially or wholly embedded in a fluid phospholipid bilayer.

Back 27

proteins

Front 28

Transplant rejections are the result of the immune system's response to foreign __ and __.

Back 28

gylcoproteins, glycolipids

Front 29

The smallest living unit is a?

Back 29

cell

Front 30

Protein synthesis in a bacterial cell is done by?

Back 30

ribosomes

Front 31

The outermost boundary of prokaryotic cells is their?

Back 31

cell wall

Front 32

Sperm cells move by means of?

Back 32

Flagella

Front 33

Skeletal muscle cells will have a large number of __ due to their high demand for energy?

Back 33

mitchondria

Front 34

All cells contain the following items except?

Back 34

Nucleus

Front 35

The stacks of disks containing chlorophyll in a chloroplast are the?

Back 35

grana

Front 36

Large storage structures typically found in the center of plant cells are?

Back 36

central vacuoles

Front 37

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Some cells are large enough to be seen by the naked eye

B) Cells with infoldings and outfoldings of their plasma membranes are able to move

C) All cells are shaped like cubes or are round

D)in Eukaryotic cells, the central nucleus controls activities in the cell

Back 37

C) All cells are shaped like cubes or are round

Front 38

Cells of more complex organisms are different from bacterial cells in which of the following ways?

Back 38

The variety of organelles and their complexity

Front 39

Which of these organelles contain digestive enzymes?

Back 39

Lysosomes

Front 40

Synthesis of lipids occurs in which major organelle?

Back 40

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Front 41

The description "9+2 array" in cells refers to?

Back 41

microtubules

Front 42

When a cell grows, which of the following occurs?

Back 42

They will increase the volume faster than the surface area of the cell

Front 43

The large surface area needed for the participants in cellular respiration is provided by the __ of the mitochondria.

Back 43

cristae

Front 44

which of the following will NOT be found in abundance in an insulin-producing pancreas cell?

Back 44

Chloroplasts

Front 45

Debris that is trapped in mucus is moved away from the lungs towards the throat by?

Back 45

cilia

Front 46

The __ participates in ribosome synthesis and is found in the nucleus.

Back 46

Nucleolus

Front 47

The endosymbiotic hypothesis attempts to explain?

Back 47

The origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria

Front 48

Which of the following is an example of potential energy?

Back 48

a big piece of chocolate cake

Front 49

Which of the following statements about energy is FASLE?

A) Energy can't be created and it can't be destroyed

B) Chemical energy in our food can be transformed into energy needed for muscle contractions

C) When energy is transformed, all of it is available to do work

D) A battery you just bought at the store has potential energy

Back 49

C) When energy is transformed, all of it is available to do work

Front 50

Reactions which require an input of energy are?

Back 50

endergonic

Front 51

in the reaction A + B -> C + D, the reactant(s) is/are

Back 51

A and B

Front 52

Enzymes do what?

Back 52

Bring together specific molecules and causes them to react with each other

Front 53

Cells that do a lot of active transport have many?

Back 53

Mitochondria

Front 54

The coenzyme __ accepts electrons during cellular respiration.

Back 54

NAD+

Front 55

During cellular respiration, glucose loses hydrogen ions so it is?

Back 55

oxidized

Front 56

In the reaction (NADP+ + 2e- + H+ -> NADPH), NADP+ is?

Back 56

Reduced

Front 57

The speed of a reaction that involves an enzyme increases as?

Back 57

substrate concentration increases

Front 58

Denaturation

A) Changes the shape of the enzyme

B) Prevents the enzyme from binding with its substrate molecules efficiently

C) occurs at temperatures above a certain point

D) all of the above

Back 58

D) all of the above

Front 59

A very high fever (105 degrees F) is dangerous because enzymes can become?

Back 59

Denatured

Front 60

Which of the following is an INCORRECT association of enzyme and substrate?

A) maltose - maltase

B) lipid - lipase

C) sucrose - lactase

D) acetylcholine - acetylcholinesterase

Back 60

Sucrose - lactose

Front 61

The nitrogen base in ATP is?

Back 61

adenosine

Front 62

Energy is constantly supplied to ecosystems by?

Back 62

The Sun

Front 63

Which of the following is part of the first law of thermodynamics?

Back 63

The amount of energy in the universe is constant

Front 64

The sodium-potassium pump, associated with muscle and nerve cells, moves ___ to the outside of the cell and ____ to the inside of the cell.

Back 64

Na+, K+

Front 65

Without ______ organisms, life as we know it could not exist.

Back 65

Photosynthetic

Front 66

Electron transport systems used to make ATP are located in the?

Back 66

Mitochondria

Front 67

ATP production in the electron transport system depends on?

A) the establishment of an electrochemical gradient

B) carrier proteins

C) ATP synthase

D) All of the above

Back 67

D) All of the above

Front 68

How to the a (alpha) and b (beta) forms of glucose differ?

Back 68

Their ring structures differ in the location of a hydroxyl group (OH group)

Front 69

Which of the following can vary among monosaccharides?

Back 69

The number of carbon atoms

Front 70

A molecule with the chemical formal C6H12O6 is probably a?

Back 70

Monosaccharide

Front 71

Which of the following linkages would you expect to find at a branch point in glycogen or amylopectin?

Back 71

A 1(alpha), 6 glycosidic linkage

Front 72

Which of these best reflects the following relationship: monosaccharide versus polysaccharide?

Back 72

Glucose versus glycogen

Front 73

Which polysaccharide is an important component in the structure of many animals and fungi?

Back 73

Chitin

Front 74

The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are the a (alpha) form. Which of the following could amylase break down?

Back 74

Starch

Front 75

Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined in by a glycosidic linkage to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?

Back 75

As a disaccharide