Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How is HIV different than other viruses, such asInfluenza? Be sure that your response includes details about the reversetranscriptase.
|
It is different because it spreads from blood to blood transfusion. Often from sex or injection drug use. HIV includes reverse transcriptase, new DNA is being created and replicating, we are unable to stop it. HIV and AIDS leads to the immune system failing.
|
|
|
What is the function/role of the glycoproteinson viruses?
|
Recognition and binding to the host cell as well as fusion of viral and cellular lipid membranes to release the viral particle into the cytoplasm
|
|
|
Which Prokaryotes are more susceptible to penicillin? |
Gram Positive Bacteria: Because there cell wall is made out of peptidoglycan when the penicillin enters the bacteria the cell wall has nothing to protect it. |
|
|
Why does archaea bacteria not respond to antibiotics? |
Antibiotics attach peptidoglycan and ribosomes but archaea has neither |
|
|
What is serial endosymbiosis? |
When mitochondria transfers some of its own DNA to the hosts cell nucleus during the evolutionary transition from symbiotic community to instituted eukaryotic cell. |
|
|
What is the ancestor of mitochondria? |
Alphaproteobacteria
|
|
|
What is the ancestor of chloroplasts? |
Cyanobacteria |
|
|
Name two differences between prokaryote and eukaryote protein synthesis? |
In eukaryotes, protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm. Prokaryotes, protein synthesis begins in the nucleus and occurs before the transcription of mRNA begins. In prokaryotes, RNA can be polycistronic but in eukaryotes RNA only codes for one protein. |
|
|
Distinguish between the lytic and lysogenic reproductive cycles? |
The lytic cycle, the release of the virus particles will destroy the host cell. The lysogenic cycle, the viral genetic material will be reproduced without destroying the host cell |
|
|
A virus is composed of a covering and an innercore. What is the capsid made of? What is the envelope derived from? Will theinner core contain DNA or RNA?
|
A viruses capsid is made up of protein subunits calledcapsomeres. The envelope is derived from the host cell that the bacteria lastinfected. The inner core of the virus can either contain RNA or DNA but notboth.
|
|
|
What is the difference between exotoxins andendotoxins?
|
Exotoxins are toxic substances that are secreted fromthe bacteria (and usually cause damage to the host by destroying other cells).Endotoxins are toxic substances that are within the cell andare linked to the lipids with the cell wall.
|
