Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the actual age range of "neonate"? |
0-27 days |
|
|
What is the actual age range of "infant"? |
28 days til 23 months |
|
|
What is the actual age range of "child"? |
2 years til 12 years |
|
|
How do drugs and chemicals reach the fetus during pregnancy? |
Maternal circulation |
|
|
What is the rule for drug use during pregnancy? |
should be avoided or limited: only undergone when absolutely necessary and when the benefits to the mother outweigh the risk to the baby |
|
|
What four factors are important when considering drug delivery in a pregnant woman? |
1. The potential for the drug to have a harmful effect on the fetus 2. The fetuses gestational age at the time of drug exposure 3. Any other medicines or complimentary treatments being undergone 4. The dose, intervals and duration of treatment |
|
|
What governs what drugs are thought of as safe/note safe in AU? How many categories and how are they organised? |
The Australian Categorisation System for Prescribing Drugs in Pregnancy 7 categories. not in a hierarchy of safety. |
|
|
What is a "category A" drug in pregnancy? |
Totally fine for the pregnant person to take. Heaps of studies, A-OKAY! |
|
|
What are category B1 drugs in pregnancY? |
Studies in animals have shown no increased incidence of malformation in fetus Limited number of women who are pregnant or of child bearing age while taking the drug have shown no increase in frequencies of fetal abnormality |
|
|
What are B2 drugs in pregnancy? |
Inadequate number of animal studies but no malformations in these studies so far limited number women who are pregnant or of child bearing age while taking the drug have shown no increase in frequencies of fetal abnormality |
|
|
What are B3 drugs in pregnancy? |
Animal studies have shown increased risk of malformation the significance of which is uncertain in humans Limited amount of women have taken with know known increase in fetal abnormality |
|
|
What is the "safe" pregnancy category, and what is the very unsafe? |
Safe: A Unsafe: X |
|
|
What is an ADR? |
Adverse drug reaction |
|
|
What are the (4) things that can happen to a microorganism when it mutates? (resistance) |
1. It can form a protective membrane 2. It can produce a defensive enzyme 3. It can develop an Efflux pump (pumps antibiotics out of cell) 4. Alter antibiotic binding sites |
|
|
What is the definition of ADR? |
Any response to a drug which is noxious, unintended and which occurs at doses normally used in man for the prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy of disease. |
|
|
What are the (3) stages of an immune response? |
1. Initial exposure 2. Rexposure 3. Reaction |
|
|
What is a pharmacodynamic DI? |
When drug A has an effect on drug B, then there is an affect on the body |
|
|
What is a pharmacokinetic DI? |
When drug A affects the body, which illicit a response which alters the effectiveness of drug B |
