Biochemistry Test 3

Front 1

This is maintain within a relatively narrow range in a healthy individual.

Back 1

Blood Glucose

Front 2

Why do we need to maintain a constant blood glucose level?

Back 2

In the absence of ketosis, glucose is the obligate fuel used by the brain. Because
the brain cannot synthesize glucose and only has enough glycogen stores to last for a
few minutes, the glucose required by the brain to maintain viability must be provided by the circulation

Front 3

Insulin and glucagon are pancreatic hormones that act antagonistically on tissues that
are involved in (i)________ __________ and (ii) ____________ of regular blood glucose
levels.

Back 3

Energy metabolism, maintenance

Front 4

Insulin is secreted in response to________ ________ ______ acting to ______ blood glucose levels, especially after a carbohydrate-rich meal.

Back 4

elevated glucose levels, lower

Front 5

Glucagon is secreted in response to ____ blood glucose helping to maintain a minimal blood glucose level that allows sufficient supply of energy resources to the _____.

Back 5

LOW, brain

Front 6

Insulin and glucagon are synthesized in the ______________________.

Back 6

islets of Langerhans in the pancreas

Front 7

Preprohormones will be cleaved to yield __________.

Back 7

prohormones

Front 8

Prohormones will be cleaved to
yield the ___________.

Back 8

active hormones

Front 9

In mammals, expression of the insulin gene and insulin biosynthesis is restricted to the _____ of the endocrine pancreas.

Back 9

β-cells

Front 10

The primary function of the pancreatic β-cells is the ________, ________ and _________ of insulin.

Back 10

production, storage and
regulated secretion