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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The fluid mosaic model for membrane structure proposes that
1. The outer and inner faces of the membrane are identical 2. Peripheral proteins are situated only on the outer face of the plasma membrane 3. Integral proteins are associated with the hydrophobic phase of the bilayer 4. Both polar and nonpolar ends of membrane phospholipids are within the hydrophobic phase of the bilayer |
Integral proteins are associated with the hydrophobic phase of the bilayer
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The absolute refractory period of a nerve action potential is determined by the duration of which of the following?
1. Sodium activation gate opening 2. Sodium inactivation gate closure 3. Potassium activation gate opening 4. Potassium inactivation gate closure |
Sodium inactivation gate closure
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Ovulation is triggered by a marked increase in which of the following?
1. Estrogen 2. Estradiol 3. Progesterone 4. Luteinizing hormone 5. Follicle stimulating hormone |
Luteinizing hormone
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Sickle cell anemia is caused by the presence of a valine substitution for glutamate in the sixth amino acid from N terminal end of the hemoglobin B-chain. The amino acid substitution is the result of
1. Insufficient glutamyl t-RNA 2. A lack of glutamyl t-RNA 3. A base change in the DNA of the B-chain gene 4. A change in the anticodon loop of glutamyl t-RNA |
A base change in the DNA of the B-chain gene
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Thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids and gonadal steroids are similar in that each
1. Is derived from cholesterol 2. Is derived from amino acids 3. Acts on only one target organ tissue 4. Is released in response to signals from the hypothalamic-anterior pituitary complex 5. Is released in response to signals from the hypothalamic-posterior pituitary complex |
Is released in response to signals from the hypothalamic-anterior pituitary complex
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Intravenous injections of KCl solution would increase the secretion of which of the following?
1. Insulin 2. Cortisol 3. Calcitonin 4. Aldosterone 5. Parathyroid hormone |
Aldosterone
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When arterial pressure increases, press preceptors discharge and
1. Increase cardiac rate and strength of contraction 2. Cause vasoconstriction throughout the peripheral circulatory system 3. Excite sympathetic nerves and inhibit parasympathetic nerves 4. Inhibit tonic activity of sympathetic nerves and excite parasympathetic nerves |
Inhibit tonic activity of sympathetic nerves and excite parasympathetic nerves
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When arterial pressure increases, press preceptors discharge and
1. Increase cardiac rate and strength of contraction 2. Cause vasoconstriction throughout the peripheral circulatory system 3. Excite sympathetic nerves and inhibit parasympathetic nerves 4. Inhibit tonic activity of sympathetic nerves and excite parasympathetic nerves |
Inhibit tonic activity of sympathetic nerves and excite parasympathetic nerves
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The rate of diffusion across the alveolar wall is inversely proportional to which of the following?
1. The surface area for gaseous exchange 2. The thickness of the alveolar wall 3. The difference in the partial pressures of the gas 4. The solubility of the gas |
The thickness of the alveolar wall
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When arterial pressure increases, press preceptors discharge and
1. Increase cardiac rate and strength of contraction 2. Cause vasoconstriction throughout the peripheral circulatory system 3. Excite sympathetic nerves and inhibit parasympathetic nerves 4. Inhibit tonic activity of sympathetic nerves and excite parasympathetic nerves |
Inhibit tonic activity of sympathetic nerves and excite parasympathetic nerves
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The rate of diffusion across the alveolar wall is inversely proportional to which of the following?
1. The surface area for gaseous exchange 2. The thickness of the alveolar wall 3. The difference in the partial pressures of the gas 4. The solubility of the gas |
The thickness of the alveolar wall
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Which of he following controls the excitability of the muscle spindle?
1. Load on the muscle 2. Gamma efferent system 3. Alpha efferent discharge 4. Length of the extrafusal fibers |
Gamma efferent system
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When arterial pressure increases, press preceptors discharge and
1. Increase cardiac rate and strength of contraction 2. Cause vasoconstriction throughout the peripheral circulatory system 3. Excite sympathetic nerves and inhibit parasympathetic nerves 4. Inhibit tonic activity of sympathetic nerves and excite parasympathetic nerves |
Inhibit tonic activity of sympathetic nerves and excite parasympathetic nerves
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The rate of diffusion across the alveolar wall is inversely proportional to which of the following?
1. The surface area for gaseous exchange 2. The thickness of the alveolar wall 3. The difference in the partial pressures of the gas 4. The solubility of the gas |
The thickness of the alveolar wall
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Which of he following controls the excitability of the muscle spindle?
1. Load on the muscle 2. Gamma efferent system 3. Alpha efferent discharge 4. Length of the extrafusal fibers |
Gamma efferent system
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In the denervated heart, adjustments to increased workload are mediated by mechanisms associated with?
1. Increased end systolic volume 2. Decreased end systolic volume 3. Decreased end diastolic volume 4. Increased end diastolic volume |
Increased end diastolic volume
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Which of the following enzymes is involved in the termination of neuromuscular transmission?
1. Acetylcholine esterase 2. Methyl transferase 3. Monoamine oxidase 4. Choline acetylase 5. Adenyl cyclase |
Acetylcholine esterase
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Which of the following is most promote depolymerization of the ground substance?
1. Cortisone 2. Collagenase 3. Chymotrypsin 4. Hyaluronidase 5. Ammonium phosphate |
Hyaluronidase
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Which of the following is most promote depolymerization of the ground substance?
1. Cortisone 2. Collagenase 3. Chymotrypsin 4. Hyaluronidase 5. Ammonium phosphate |
Hyaluronidase
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Two point discrimination requires that two sensory receptors are
1. Different in threshold 2. Of two different morphological types 3. Innervated by two different axons 4. Innervated by branches of the same axon 5. Separated by a distance of at least 5 mm. |
Innervated by two different axons
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Which of the following is most promote depolymerization of the ground substance?
1. Cortisone 2. Collagenase 3. Chymotrypsin 4. Hyaluronidase 5. Ammonium phosphate |
Hyaluronidase
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Two point discrimination requires that two sensory receptors are
1. Different in threshold 2. Of two different morphological types 3. Innervated by two different axons 4. Innervated by branches of the same axon 5. Separated by a distance of at least 5 mm. |
Innervated by two different axons
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The length-tension diagram shows that the maximum active tension of a muscle occurs
1. When a muscle is unstretched 2. When sarcomere length increases 3. When there is maximum overlap of crossbridges 4. At the maximum length that a muscle may be stretched |
When there is maximum overlap of crossbridges
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Primary recognition of B-estradiol by its target cell depends upon the binding of the hormone to a specific
1. Nuclear receptor 2. Cytoplasmic receptor 3. Cell membrane receptor 4. Adenylate cyclase |
Cytoplasmic receptor
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Which of the following amino acids can most easily be converted to tyrosine in the human body?
1. Glycine 2. Arginine 3. Methionine 4. Tryptophan 5. Phenilalanine |
Phenilalanine
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Which of the following amino acids can most easily be converted to tyrosine in the human body?
1. Glycine 2. Arginine 3. Methionine 4. Tryptophan 5. Phenilalanine |
Phenilalanine
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Which of the following classes of steroids contain 18 carbons and an aromatic ring?
1. Estrogens 2. Androgens 3. Progestagens 4. Glucocorticoids 5. Mineralocorticoids |
Estrogens
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A physiologic buffer functions to
1. Regulate the partial pressure of venous carbon dioxide 2. Carry fixed acid from the site of its elimination to the site of its production 3. Transport carbon dioxide from the site of its production to the site of its elimination 4. Minimize the increase in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies cellular acid production 5. Maximize the decrease in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies alkali formation |
Minimize the increase in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies cellular acid production
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A physiologic buffer functions to
1. Regulate the partial pressure of venous carbon dioxide 2. Carry fixed acid from the site of its elimination to the site of its production 3. Transport carbon dioxide from the site of its production to the site of its elimination 4. Minimize the increase in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies cellular acid production 5. Maximize the decrease in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies alkali formation |
Minimize the increase in hydrogen ion concentration that accompanies cellular acid production
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During which of the following phases of the cardiac cycle are all cardiac valves open?
1. Rapid filling 2. Early ejection 3. Isovolumetric relaxation 4. Isovolumetric contraction 5. None of these |
None of these
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Decarboxylation of which of the following amino acids results in formation of a vasodilator?
1. Valine 2. Histidine 3. Arginine 4. Aspartic acid 5. Glutamic acid |
Histidine
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Purine ribonuclease de phosphates are all synthesized de novo from the common intermediate
1. Inosine phosphate 2. Guanosine phosphate 3. Adenosine phosphate 4. Guanosine diphosphate 5. Deoxyadenosine phosphate |
Inosine phosphate
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Purine ribonuclease de phosphates are all synthesized de novo from the common intermediate
1. Inosine phosphate 2. Guanosine phosphate 3. Adenosine phosphate 4. Guanosine diphosphate 5. Deoxyadenosine phosphate |
Inosine phosphate
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The partial pressures of respiratory gases found in arterial blood correspond most closely to those partial pressure found in the
1. Alveoli 2. Atmosphere 3. Tissue fluid 4. Venous blood 5. Cells throughout the body |
Alveoli
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Purine ribonuclease de phosphates are all synthesized de novo from the common intermediate
1. Inosine phosphate 2. Guanosine phosphate 3. Adenosine phosphate 4. Guanosine diphosphate 5. Deoxyadenosine phosphate |
Inosine phosphate
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The partial pressures of respiratory gases found in arterial blood correspond most closely to those partial pressure found in the
1. Alveoli 2. Atmosphere 3. Tissue fluid 4. Venous blood 5. Cells throughout the body |
Alveoli
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Which of the following groups includes only amino acids essential for humans?
1. Valine, serine, leucine 2. Leucine, lysine, glycine 3. Tyrosine, threonine, tryptophan 4. Phenylalanine, methionine, proline 5. Tryptophan, methionine, isoleucine |
Tryptophan, methionine, isoleucine
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