Biochemistry Exam 1 Lecture 1

Front 1

Biochemistry

Back 1

describe life in molecular terms

Front 2

Cystic fibrosis

Back 2

Small body, slow growth, early death. 1/25 white people carry the disease. It’s caused by the a problem in the CFTR gene which causes the encoding channel across the plasma membrane to mess up and cause problems in any secreting gland

Front 3

How did biochemistry begin?

Back 3

Louis Pasteur thought that something ‘in yeast’ had a magical power to catalyze wine. Thus, the enzyme.

Front 4

What did Friedrich Wohler do?

Back 4

Synthesized urea in a lab

Front 5

What are the first tier elements?

Back 5

C, H, N, O

Front 6

What should you know about the first tier elements?

Back 6

They are the most abundant in all organisms. They make covalent bonds.

Front 7

What are the 2nd tier elements?

Back 7

Ca Cl Mg P, K, Na, S

Front 8

What should you know about the 2nd tier elements?

Back 8

They are much less abundant but are found in all organisms. They are ions.

Front 9

What are the third tier elements?

Back 9

Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn

Front 10

What should you know about the 3rd tier elements?

Back 10

They are present in small amounts in all organisms and are essential to life

Front 11

What should you know about the fourth tier organisms?

Back 11

They are found in/required by some organisms in trace amounts

Front 12

What type of bonds is DNA made from?

Back 12

Covalent (The strands) AND non-covalent (H-bonds for the base pairing)

Front 13

What is the strongest in all chemical bonds?

Back 13

Covalent bonds

Front 14

What are covalent bonds?

Back 14

Bonds which hold atoms together by sharing a pair of electrons between adjacent atoms

Front 15

What is resonance and how does it impact compound stability?

Back 15

It is the movement of electrons through π-bonds. It makes the compound more stable

Front 16

List the type of bonds in order of strength

Back 16

Covalent, Ionic, Hydrogen, Van der waals, hydrophobic interactions.

Front 17

What is defined as the electrostatic interaction between a net charge?

Back 17

Ionic Bond

Front 18

What is the version of coulombs law which we use?

Back 18

E=Kq1q2/Dr D=the dielectric constant medium which for water is 80. R = distance between 2 atoms in amperes. K = 332 kCal/mol

Front 19

What is the interaction between molecules due to electric dipoles?

Back 19

Hydrogen bond

Front 20

How would you mesause the magnitude of a molecule’s polarity?

Back 20

Mew=q*epsilon. Where mew is the dipole moment, q is the magnitude of charge, and epsilon is the distance in amperes.

Front 21

What is the dipole moment for water?

Back 21

1.8

Front 22

What is the dielectric constant for water?

Back 22

80

Front 23

What is the dielectric constant for air/vacuums?

Back 23

1

Front 24

What is the dielectric constant for alcohol?

Back 24

Just a touch less than 80

Front 25

What causes water to be almost crystalized even in a liquid form?

Back 25

The fact that it is stuck at a 105˚ angle

Front 26

Define a van der waals interaction?

Back 26

Induced dipoles attracting each other

Front 27

Define van der waals radius

Back 27

The radius where the repulsion of electrons would become to strong if they got any closer. It is the space an atom occupies

Front 28

Do electrostatic groups exist normally?

Back 28

No

Front 29

What does the space filling model use to get the size of the space to fill?

Back 29

Van Der waal radius