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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Monosaccharides with the carbonyl group at C1 are ______.
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Aldehydes- Aldoses
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Monosaccharides with the carbonyl group at C2 are ________.
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Ketones- Ketoses
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D or L refers to the assymetric carbon ______ from the aldehyde or ketone.
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Furthest
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5 membered sugar ring
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furanose
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6 membered sugar ring
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pyranose
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Pentoses and hexoses form rings through ________ bonds.
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Hemiacetal and Hemiketal
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In the ___ cyclic configuration the OH is trans to the CH2OH group.
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Alpha
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In the ______ cyclic configuration the OH group is Cis to the CH2OH group.
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Beta
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If the oxygen on the anomeric carbonof a sugar is not attached to any other structure it can act as a ________.
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Reducing sugar.
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Which sugar is galactose + glucose?
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Lactose
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Which disaccharide is glucose + fructose?
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Sucrose
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Which disaccharide is 2 glucose monosaccharides?
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Maltose
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Monosaccharide where the OH group is replaced by an H.
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Deoxymonosaccharide- found in DNA
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Monosaccharide where the OH group is replaced by an NH2. Where are these found?
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Amino-monosaccharides. Found in glycoproteins and GAGs.
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Monosaccharide where the CH2OH group is replaced by COOH.
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Monosaccharide acids. Also found in GAGs and glycoproteins.
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If a monosaccharide forms a bond with an alcohol or another anomeric carbon, it is what kind of bond?
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O-glycosidic
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If a monosaccharide forms a bond with an amine, it is what kind of bond.
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N-glycosidic bond
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Name three homopolysaccharides of glucose:
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Cellulose, Starch, Glycogen
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What type of bonds does cellulose have?
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B-1,4
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What type of bonds does starch have?
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A-1,4
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What type of bonds does glycogen have?
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A- 1,4
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Which polysaccharide forms insoluble fibers in humans? Why?
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Cellulose, because we lack the enzyme capable of cleaving th eB 1,4 linkages
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What is the storage form of carbohydrates in plants?
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Starch/Amylase- may also contain A 1-6 branches (amylopectin)
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What is the storage form of carbohydrates in animals?
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Glycogen
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Monosaccharides larger than ______ have diasteriomeric forms.
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Trioses
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Oxidation of C6 of D-Glucose yields what? Where is it found?
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D-Glucuronic Acid, GAGs
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The C5 epimer of D-Glucuronic acid
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L-iduronic Acid
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An amino monosaccharide found in glycoproteins:
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Sialic Acid
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