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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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aldose
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An aldose is a monosaccharide (a simple sugar) that contains only one aldehyde (-CH=O) group per molecule.
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ketose
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A ketose is a sugar containing one ketone group per molecule.
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D and L designation in monosaccharides are determined by?
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The configuration about the chiral center most distant from the carbonyl carbon.
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The formation of cyclic monosaccharides by the reaction between alcohol and aldehyde
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hemiacetal
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furanoses
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5 member ring compounds
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what is a carbohydrate anomer?
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isomeric forms of monosaccharides that differ only in their configuration about the hemiacetal or hemiketal carbon
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The formation of cyclic monosaccharides by the reaction between alcohol and ketone forms a ............?
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hemiketal
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identify the alpha anomer of a cyclic sugar?
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the OH goes down on the anomeric carbon
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what defines the beta anomer of glucose?
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when the OH group goes up on the anomeric carbon
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what is the anomeric carbon?
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the carbonyl carbon when the carbohydrate is in ring form.
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mutarotation
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the alpha and beta anomers interconvert in aqueous solution
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reducing sugars
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sugar rings with no other molecule attached to the anomeric carbon
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what two carbohydrates contribute to the starch structure?
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whate are the monomer(s) of glycogen? what is the linkage? is it branched?
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the monomer is glucose with alpha1-4 and alpha1-6 linkage, branched
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Dextrans are _______ and ______ polysaccharides.
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bacterial and yeast
note (alpha 1-6 linkage and alpa 1-3 linkage) |
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Draw cyclic beta-D-glucose?
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which monomer (if any) has the reducing end?
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the right monomer of glucose
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what is this molecule?
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sucrose
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what is this molecule?
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lactose which is Gal and Glc
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Draw linear D-glucose
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draw linear D-fructose?
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draw D-gluconate
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draw D-gluconate
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what are the monomers of lactose? and the linkage?
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Gal beta1-4 Glc
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what are the monomers of sucrose? and the linkage?
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Fru 2beta-alpha1 Glc Glc 1alpha-beta2 Fru
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what are prostaglandins?
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A prostaglandin is any member of a group of lipid compounds that are derived enzymatically from fatty acids and have important functions in the animal body. Every prostaglandin contains 20 carbon atoms, including a 5-carbon ring
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basic triacylglycerol structure?
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draw a hemiacetal reaction?
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draw a hemiketal reaction?
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Sugars as reducing agents!!!
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beta sugars have the OH group _____ from the anomeric carbon?
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alpha sugars have the OH group _______ on the anomeric carbon
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down
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waxes are ???????
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Glycerophospholipid general structure?
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Shingolipid basic structure?
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the blue x is a charged head group
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cholesterol basic structure?
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Name the three subclasses of sphingolipids?
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degradation of phospolipids and sphingolipids?
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phospolipid general structure?
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function of:
prostoglandins thromboxanes leukotrienes |
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Arachidonic acid structure and pathway?
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Cholesterol basic structure?
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Most important sterol?
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testosterone structure
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estradiol structure
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cortisol structure
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aldosterone structure
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prednisolone structure
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prednisone structure
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what is this structure? it is used to produce?
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b-carotene structure breaks down into vitamin A/retinol
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beta-carotene breaks down into _________?
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vitamin A/retinol
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phosphotidylcholine
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sphingomyelin
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citrulline
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ornithine
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sialic acid
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ubiquinone and isoprene unit
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what is this molecule?
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vitamin E
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vitamin K
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what is the phospholipid basic structure?
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xxxx
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