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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what causes the hyperglycemic coma?
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neuronal dehydration resulting from osmotic imbalance of elevated blood glucose
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what is the translation of kwashiorkor
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'the no longer suckled or deposed child'
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at a pH of 1 unit below pKa the ratio of acid/base = ?
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10:1
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physiological range of plasma pH
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7.36 - 7.44
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what's the enzyme responsible for the effectiveness of the bicarbonate buffer?
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carbonic anhydrase
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normal value for [HCO3-]
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22 - 25 mEq/L
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normal value for arterial PCO2
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38 - 42 mm HG
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what are the 3 branched chain aliphatic amino acids
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valine, leucine and isoleucine
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which 2 amino acids have sulfur in them
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cysteine and methionine
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what do you call 2 cysteine residues joined by a disulfide bond
how many carbons in a cysteine? |
cystine
3, including the carboxyl group |
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how many carbons in glutamine
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5
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number of carbons in threonine
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4
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what is the pK for the alpha carboxyl group of an amino acid
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about 2
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what is the pK of the alpha amino group of an amino acid
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9 - 10
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what are the pK values for the side chains of aspartate and glutamate
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about 4
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what is the pK of the amino side chain of histidine
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pk 6
can be shifted in proteins to 6 - 7 |
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where do you find histidine side chains being used as a buffer?
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RBCs
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Histamine and GABA are formed from amino acids by this process
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decarboxylation
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The precursor of serotonin is
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tryptophan
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norepinephrine and epinephrine are derived from
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tyrosine
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DOPA is
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dihydroxyphenylalanine
tyrosine with another hydroxyl group added |
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DOPA is decarboxylated to form
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dopamine
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what is the tripeptide that defies protein translation dogma (doesn't use ribosomes)
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glutathione
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What's that drug that inhibits carbonic anhydrase?
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acetazolamide
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what are the two main nonvolatile acids
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Phosphoric and sulfuric acids, from the catabolism of phosphate groups and sulfur containing amino acids, respectively- also ketone bodies and lactic acid
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