(Set 1) Final Exam Study Guide Bio 33

Front 1

Biology

Back 1

Is the study of life

Front 2

Zoology

Back 2

Is the study of animals

Front 3

Evolution

Back 3

Change in genetic makup of population over time

Front 4

Ecology

Back 4

Is the study of relationships between organisms and environment

Front 5

Ichthyology

Back 5

Is the study of fish

Front 6

Hepatology

Back 6

Is the study of reptiles and amphibians

Front 7

Mammalogy

Back 7

Is the study of mammals

Front 8

Binomial nomenclature

Back 8

Genus and species name for every living organism

Hint 8

Animal classification

Front 9

Who developed the current classification scheme?

Back 9

Karl von Linne (Linnaeus)

Front 10

What are the 8 animal classification?

Back 10

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Front 11

Cells

Back 11

Are the basic unit of life

Front 12

Prokaryotic cells

Back 12

Small, simple (bacteria and archaea)

Hint 12

Non-membrane

Front 13

Eukaryotic cells

Back 13

Larger, more complex (plants, animals, protists, and fungi)

Hint 13

Membrane

Front 14

Asexual reproduction

Back 14

Produces a new organism without union of gametes (sperm and eggs)

Front 15

Sexual reproduction

Back 15

Combines genes from two parents

Front 16

External fertilization

Back 16

Broadcast spawning

Front 17

Internal fertilization

Back 17

Requires reproductive structures to transfer sperm

Front 18

What is the differences between asexual and sexual repro? (Advantages /Disadvantages)

Back 18

Asexual advantages- no genetic variation, many offspring, one parent.

Asexual disadvantages- lack of veriation, must rely on mutation.

Sexual advantages- diversity, no mutations.

Sexual disadvantages- 2 parents, not exact copy, not all gametes are used

Front 19

What are the 4 basic methods of asexual reproduction?

Back 19

1) Fission- division of cell into 2 parts. Common in protozoa (single cell)

2) Budding- cells grow and brake off parents. May remained attached, forming colony

3) Fragmentation- lost body part regenerates into new organism

4) Parthenogenesis- reproduce without sperm (bees,wasp,ants)

Front 20

Hermaphroditism

Back 20

Has both male and female reproductive system

Hint 20

Sexual repo

Front 21

Sequential hermaphroditism

Back 21

Starts as one sex then switches.

Protogynous- female then male

Protandrous- male then female

Hint 21

Sexual repro

Front 22

Viviparous

Back 22

Gives live birth

Hint 22

Repro

Front 23

Oviparous

Back 23

Lay eggs

Hint 23

Repro

Front 24

Ovoviviparous

Back 24

Form eggs that hatch inside female

Hint 24

Repro

Front 25

Monotremes

Back 25

Mammals that lay eggs

Front 26

Embryology

Back 26

Study of animal development from fertilized egg to formation of major organ system

Front 27

Fertilization

Back 27

Fusion of sperm and egg (zygote)

Front 28

Primary germ layers

Back 28

Embryonic cells occur in layers or blocks. These evenually differentiate into tissues and/or organs

Front 29

Ectoderm

Back 29

Outer body wall

Hint 29

Cell

Front 30

Endoderm

Back 30

Inner lining of digestive cavity

Hint 30

Cell

Front 31

Mesoderm

Back 31

Tissue in between

Hint 31

Cell

Front 32

Cleavage

Back 32

Division of the egg

Hint 32

Cell

Front 33

Blastula

Back 33

Embryo becomes hollow sphere

Hint 33

Cell

Front 34

Gastrula

Back 34

Cells migrate inward (blastopore)

Hint 34

Cell

Front 35

Organic evolution

Back 35

Descent with modification. Population changes over time

Front 36

Adaptaion

Back 36

Any trait that makes survival and repro more likely

Front 37

Analogous structure

Back 37

Are similar to each other due to convergent evolution

Hint 37

Sugar glider vs flying squirrel

Front 38

Homologous structure

Back 38

Are similar to each other due to common ancestry (same species)

Hint 38

Evolution

Front 39

Hardy-Weinberg therom describes a population that is not evolving must have?

Back 39

Large size, no migration, no mutations, random mating,no natural selection

Front 40

Why speciation requires reproductive isolation?

Back 40

1)Allopatric speciation- barriers split species into 3 diff groups

2)Parapatric speciation- no barriers but groups seperat by species

3)Sympatric speciation- no barriers but only mate with same type

Hint 40

Fish lake example (3 types)

Front 41

3 types of natural selection

Back 41

1)Directional selection - small-big

2)Disruptive selection -big/small

3)Stabilizing selection - mid

Front 42

2 types of protist

Back 42

1)Plant-like photosynthesis, algae,ect.

2)Animal-like consumers

Front 43

4 Different types of locomotion?

Back 43

1)Flagellates- has tail

2)Ciliates- short hair-like flagella

3)Amoeba- blob (oozes)

4)Apicomplexans- stationary protozoa

Front 44

4 groups of protozoas

Back 44

Excavata, Amoebozoa, Rhizaria, and Chromalveolata

Hint 44

E,A,R,C

Front 45

What is a red tide? Super group chromalveolata

Back 45

A bloom that reproduces at a fast rate that release toxin