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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does ATP stand for? |
AdenosineTriphosphate |
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What is the formula for how ATP is created? |
Adenine base + Ribose sugar + 3 Phosphate groups = ATP
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What are Phospholipids made up of? |
2 fatty acids, 1 glycerol, 1 phosphate group
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What are Phospholipids relation to water? |
Amphiphilic, hydrophillic head, hydrophobic tail |
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How do soaps work? |
Soap molecules break up & surround oil droplets (Emulsifying it)
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What does bile do in the human body? |
Emulsify fat in your diet
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What are the steroids derive from cholesterol? |
Cortisol, progesterone, estrogens, testosterone and bile acids
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What does cholesterol do? |
Required for proper nervous system function and is an important component of cell membranes
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How is cholesterol produced and how much do we produce? |
Produced by animals only, 85% produced by us, 15% from diet |
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What do all steroids have? |
A 4 ringed structure with variations in the functional groups and location of double bonds |
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What are three things about steroids? |
Based on the structure of cholesterol, building block for cell membranes, forms the backbones of hormones
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What is catabolism? |
The procces of breaking down fuel molecules into 60% heat energy and 40% ATP
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What is the formula for breaking down ATP? |
ATP + H2O = ADP + Pi + H + 7kcal/mol |
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What are the three principle components of ATP? |
Nitrogenous base, Sugar (monesaccharide), One or more phosphate groups
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What does ATP contain? |
Adenine, Ribose, 3 phosphate groups
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ATP is the universal...? |
Energy carrying molecule |
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What groups are attached by high energy bonds in ATP, what want types of bonds are they? |
Second and third phosphate, covalent
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What do ATPases do? |
Hydrolyze the 3rd high energy phosphate bond of ATP producing ADP + Pi + energy
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What are Kinases? |
Enzymes that phosphorylate |
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What does phosphorylate mean? |
Add the Pi released from ATP to other enzymes or molecules to activate them |
