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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
atom
smallest thing that makes up matter
Element
substance made up of only one atom
molecule
2 or more atoms are bonded together
chemical reaction
chemical change
mixture
a substance composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that are mixed together, but not chemically combined
solvent
substance that dissolves something else: ex. water
solute
anything that is being dissolved
acid
compound that releases hydrogen ions
base
compound that realeases hyroxide ions
inorganic compound
compound that contains no carbon
monomer
are small compounds
polymer
larger compounds
macromolecules
big polymer
monosaccharide
is a simple sugar
polysaccharides
large sugar
how to find the atomic number
# of protons
Parts of an atom & charges-
nucleolus; middle, protons, electrons, neutrons
Ion-
charged particle-> has more/less electrons
Isotope
is a more/less neutrons
Enzymes-
biological catalyst
pH scale
pure water=7; strong acids= 1-3; base= >7;strong bases= 11-14
organic compounds
contain carbon
kinds of organic compounds
o Carbohydrates
o Proteins
o Lipids
o Nucleic acids
o Enzymes
Why is water a good solvent?
water has charges on the ends.
What is the difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
dehydr-creates molecules by taking out water; hydro- adding water to break molecules apart.
What are the 5 kind of organic compounds?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Enzymes
What is an enzyme?
biological catalyst
What are the 3 states of matter and give an example of each?
solid- apple liquid-water gas-hydrogen
What is the difference between isotope and ion?
Isotope-is a more/less neutrons
ion-charged particle-> has more/less electrons