Bio Taxonomy

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Analogous

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having the same function but different evolutionary origin

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Binomial

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A taxonomic name in binomial nomenclature

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Cladogram

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diagram depicting patterns of shared characteristics of various organisms

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Division

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The highest taxonomic category, consisting of one or more related classes, and corresponding approximately to a phylum in zoological classification

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Family

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A taxonomic rank in the classification of organisms between genus and order.

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Homologous

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Showing a degree of similarity (e.g. in position, structure, function or characteristics) that may indicate a common origin.

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Nomenclature

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The description of new taxa or alterations to the concept of previously described taxa which involve changes in the names of taxa

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Phylum

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A taxonomic rank at the level below Kingdom and above Class in biological classification, especially of animals

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Species

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The lowest taxonomic rank, and the most basic unit or category of biological classification

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Taxon

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Any group or rank in a biological classification into which related organisms are classified.

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Animalia

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Taxonomic kingdom comprising all living or extinct animals.

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Biodiversity

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The existence of a wide range of different types of organisms in a given place at a given time

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Class

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A group or set (of things or entities) with common characteristics, attributes, qualities or traits.

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Domain

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The highest taxonomic rank of organisms in which there are three groupings: Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya.

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Fungi

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A (taxonomic) group that includes heterotrophic eukaryotes that are usually filamentous, devoid of chlorophyll, with chitinous cell wall, and produces spores.

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Kingdom

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In biology, kingdom is a taxonomic rank that is composed of smaller groups called phyla (or divisions, in plants).

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Order

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A taxonomic rank used in classifying organisms, generally below the class, and comprised of families sharing a set of similar nature or character

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Subspecies

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a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species

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Taxonomy

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The science of finding, describing, classifying, and naming organisms, including the studying of the relationships between taxa and the principles underlying such a classification.

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Archaebacteria

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Unicellular microorganisms in the domain Archaea, which is genetically distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes, and often inhabiting extreme environmental conditions

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Eubacteria

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Literally means true bacteria, which includes all bacteria except for archaebacteria.

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Genus

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A taxonomic category ranking used in biological classification that is below a family and above a species level, and includes group(s) of species that are structurally similar or phylogenetically related

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Phylogenetics

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The study of evolutionary relatedness among various groups of organisms through molecular sequencing data and morphological data matrices.

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Protista

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A taxonomic kingdom comprised of protists, characterized by being eukaryotic and mostly single-celled

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Systematics

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the science of naming and classifying organisms in regard to their natural relationships, deals with populations, species and higher taxa.

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Vestigial

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refers to an organ or part (for example, the human appendix) which is greatly reduced from the original ancestral form and is no longer functional or is of reduced or altered function.