Bio Quiz 2.4-2.6

Front 1

Polysaccharides

Back 1

long polymers that contain many glucose subunits.

–Starch –Glycogen –Cellulose –Chitincan

Front 2

Starch

Back 2

is the storage form of glucose in plants

Front 3

Glycogen

Back 3

is the storage form of glucose in animals.

Front 4

Cellulose

Back 4

can be found in the cell walls of plants

Front 5

Chitin

Back 5

can be found in the exoskeleton of some crustacean. (thread for some sutures)

Front 6

Organic Molecules always contain...

Back 6

Carbon(C) and Hydrogen (H)

Front 7

Macromolecules

Back 7

contain many molecules joined together

Front 8

Monomers

Back 8

Simple organic molecules that exist individually.

Front 9

Polymers

Back 9

Large organic molecules formed by combining monomers

Front 10

Isomers

Back 10

Compounds with the same chemical formula but different three dimensional structures

Front 11

FunctionalGroups

Back 11

Particular cluster of atoms that always behaves in a certain way

Gives molecules distinctive properties

Front 12

The functional groups are...

Back 12

1. Hydroxyl (OH)

2. Carboxyl (COOH)/ acidic group

3. Amino (NH2)

Front 13

–DehydrationReaction

Back 13

an -OH and -H are removed as a water molecule

Front 14

–Hydrolysis Reaction

Back 14

the components of water are added

Front 15

The Simple Carbohydrates are...

Back 15

Monosaccharides and Disaccharides

Front 16

Monosaccharides

Back 16

Sugars with 3 - 7 carbon atoms

Front 17

The Monosaccharides are...

Back 17

glucose,

fructose,

galactose

Front 18

Pentose

Back 18

A 5-carbon sugar

Front 19

Hexose

Back 19

A 6-carbon sugar

Front 20

Disaccharides

Back 20

contain two monosaccharides

Front 21

The Disaccharides are...

Back 21

maltose, sucrose, lactose

Front 22

Polysaccharides

Back 22

are long polymers that contain many glucose subunits.

Front 23

The Polysaccharides are...

Back 23

–Starch

–Glycogen

–Cellulose

–Chitin

Front 24

Glycogen

Back 24

The storage form of glucose in animals

Front 25

Starch

Back 25

The storage form of glucose in plants

Front 26

Cellulose

Back 26

can be found in the cell walls of plants

Front 27

Chitin

Back 27

Can be found in the exoskeleton of some crustacean. (thread for some sutures)

Front 28

Lipids

Back 28

They are diverse in structure and function.

They do not dissolve in water (hydrophobic)

Front 29

The Lipids are...

Back 29

–Fats and oils

–Phospholipids

–Steroids

Front 30

Fats

Back 30

–Usually of animal origin

–Solid at room temperature

Front 31

Oils

Back 31

–Usually of plant origin

–Liquid at room temperature

Front 32

Triglycerides

Back 32

–One glycerol and 3 fatty acid molecules

Front 33

A fatty acid

Back 33

A hydrocarbon chain that ends with the acidic group —COOH

Front 34

Saturated fatty acids

Back 34

have no double covalent bonds between carbon atoms.

Front 35

Unsaturated fatty acids

Back 35

have 1 or more double bonds between carbon atoms.

Front 36

Hydrogenation

Back 36

-turns good fats into bad fats

-(unsaturated into saturated)

Front 37

Emulsification

Back 37

Fat droplets disperses in water

Front 38

Emulsifiers contain...

Back 38

molecules with a polar and nonpolar end.

Front 39

Phospholipids

Back 39

–2 fatty acids + a phosphate group

–Primary components of cellular membranes

–They spontaneously form a bilayer consisting of hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails

Front 40

hydrophilic heads face...

Back 40

outward, toward watery solutions

Front 41

hydrophobic tails face...

Back 41

inward, away from watery solutions

Front 42

Steroids

Back 42

All have a backbone of four fused carbon rings.

Front 43

The Steroids are...

Back 43

Cholesterol, Testosterone, Estrogen