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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Proton
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A particle in the nucleus of an atom with a positive charge
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Neutron
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A particle in the nucleus of an atom with a neutral charge
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Electron
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A particle circling the atom (in electron shells/electron cloud) with a negative charge
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When an atom misses an electron, it has a _______ charge
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Postive
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When an atom has an extra electron, it has a _______ charge
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Negative
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Ion
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an atom that has full electron shells
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Isotope
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Atoms that differ from other atoms of the same element due to the number of neutrons in their nuclei
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The bigger the atom, the ______ the pull
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stronger
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Matter
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Anything that occupies space and has mass
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Atom
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Smallest particle of an element
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Electron Cloud
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Represents the area around the nucleus where the electrons are found
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There are 20 different _________ from which proteins are formed
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Amino Acids
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Ionic bonds
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Bonds where it creates 2 ions (one positive, one negative)
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Covalent bonds
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Bonds where two atoms share their electrons (example: h2)
Identical atoms bond |
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Hydrogen bonds
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Bonds where they can be broken using water
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Non-polar bond
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A covalent bond where the electrons are shared equally
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Polar bond
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A covalent bond where electrons are not shared equally
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Lipids
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aka fats oils and waxes, they provide insulation and warmth, along with 2x the energy of carbs
(contains: C, H, O) |
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Amino Acids
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The building blocks of proteins
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Proteins
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Helps with growth and repair
(contains C, H, N, O) |
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Nucleic Acids
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controls protein synthesis and is made up of DNA and RNA
(contains C, H, O, N, P) |
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Carbohydrate
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they provide energy and structuaral support, and are either simple or complex sugars (glucose or startch)
(contains C, H, O) |
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Organic vs. Inorganic
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Organic compounds are made by living things while inorganic compounds are found outside and inside living things. Organic must contain C and H
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Saturated Fats
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These fats are solid at room temperature, have only single bonds between C, and are unhealthy
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Unsaturated fats
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These fats are liquid at room temperature, have at least one double bond or triple bond, and are healthy
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R-group
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The chemical ID tag of each amino acid and is only group that changes
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Amino group
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Essential to protein, contains H, N, then H
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Carboxyl group
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Essential to protein, contains O, [double bond to] C, OH
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essential carbon
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Essential to proten, between all three groups
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