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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ionotropic receptor |
A receptor that contains a binding site for a neurotransmitter and an ion channel that opens when a molecule of the neurotransmitter attaches to the binding site. |
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metabotropic receptor |
A receptor that contains a binding site for a neurotransmitter; activates an enzyme that begins a series of events that opens an ion channel elsewhere in the cell’s membrane when a molecule of the neurotransmitter attaches to the binding site. |
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Potassium |
High concentration inside cell (Pushes out) Positive charge (Pushes in)
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Chloride |
Low concentration inside cell (Pushes in) Negative charge (Pushes out) |
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Sodium |
Low concentration inside cell (Pushes in) Positive charge (Pushes in) |
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Anions |
High concentration Negative Charge Cannot leave cell |
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dose-response curve |
A graph of the magnitude of an effect of a drug as a function of the amount of drug administered. |
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therapeutic index |
The ratio between the dose that produces the desired effect in 50 percent of the animals and the dose that produces toxic effects in 50 percent of the animals. |
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glutamate |
An amino acid; the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Receptors: NMDA, AMPA, Kainate, Metabotropic glutamate receptor.
PCP is an indirect antagonist |
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GABA |
An amino acid; the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
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6 Sites of Drug Action |
1) Drug can be a precursor or block the synthesis from precursors into NT. 2) Can prevent storage in vesicles 3) Can inhibit or stimulate release of NT into synapse from vesicle 4) Drug can block or stimulate postsynaptic receptors 5) Drug can block autoreceptors to increase NT in vesicles or stimulate autoreceptors so that they think vesicles are full and do not produce/release more NT. 6) Drug can inhibit reuptake or inhibit enzymatic breakdown by block Acetylcholinesterase. |
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Retinal Layers and Direction of Light/Information |
Light hits photoreceptor at back of retina where photoreceptors are present, chemical signal to bipolar cells, chemical signal to ganglion cells, action potential to brain.
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