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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GHB is a
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sedative
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Which is not an abused inhalant?
anesthetics cns stimulants antipsychotics beta blockers |
antipsychotics
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IV injection delivers drug to brain w/in
8-10 sec 15-30 sec |
15-30 sec
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insufflation (snorting)
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mucosal membrane absorption
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psychoactive drugs travel to brain via
endocrine circulatory nervous all |
circulatory
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which is under direct control of CNS?
digestion body temp decision making glandular output |
decision making
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addictive psychoactive drugs subvert the brain's
survival mech conscious thought process emo stability acquired allostasis |
survival mech
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as one gets older the new brain develops to:
learn from life exp integrate old brain control old brain all of above |
all of above
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neurons communicate w each other across 15-50 nm gaps called:
synaptic cleft synaptic gap synapse both a and b |
a and b
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Drugs that bind to receptors without activating them and thereby block NTs are:
agonists antagonists |
antagonists
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Drugs that bind to receptors and mimic or facilitate the effects of NT are:
agonists antagonists |
agonists
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the hedonic set pt is:
preferred level of pharmacological effects maximum level of tol maximum euphoric effect maximum dysphoric effect |
preferred level of pharm. effects
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reverse tol
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later more sensitive
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inverse tol
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initial more sens
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Which best applies to psych dep on drugs?
alter consciousness and distorted perceptions are pleasant hypnotize user - pos. reward rein. psych dep is imp. factor in addictive beh all of above |
all of above
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Nonpurposive withdrawal is:
emo exp. of phys sx or manip beh subtle emo and phys w/drawal objective phys signs of tissue dep environ triggers causing flashback |
objective phys signs of tissue dep
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PAWS is:
emo exp. of phys sx or manip beh subtle emo and phys w/drawal objective phys signs of tissue dep environ triggers causing flashback |
subtle emo and phys w/drawal
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which best describes rave drugs?
psychedelics psycho-stimulants xers all |
psycho-stimulants
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Action caused by stimulant drugs in the brain:
force release of energy before body needs it activate energy receptors interact w energy chem to infuse all |
force release bf body needs it
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extra boost in energy and confid from stimulants:
gift loan enhances spirit. none |
loan
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What NTs are blocked by cocaine thus producing most of its effects:
nor. and dopamine amandamide and 2 AG GABA and glutamate endorphin and encephalin |
nor and dop
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tolerance to cocaine use is related to:
inc dop in nucleus accum dec dop in nucleus accum inc ser in limbic system dec ser in limbic system |
dec dop in nuc accum
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After initial rush from crack, subsequent euphoria, excitatoin and arousal can last for:
5-10 sec 5-20 min 1-4 hrs 1-3 days |
5-20 min
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This NT is thought to be depleted in ppl with ADD
nor ep ser dop |
dop
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effects of ice/cryst meth as compared to other amphetamines
more paranoia/hall more stim to heart/blood vessels/lungs stimulates brain to lesser degree all |
more paranoia/hall
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amphetamine congener is
med used for ADD one who congers amphets stim med chem and pharm dissimilar to amph none |
med commonly used for ADD
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major downer:
soma benadryl sominex hydrocodone |
hyrocodone
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which is fully synthetic?
oxy codeine percodan fentanyl |
fentanyl
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refinement of heroin from morph made more powerful bc:
heroin rides of red blood cells and crosses blood brain barrier quickly more fat soluble more concentrated injected |
fat soluble
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tol to opioids occurs bc:
metabolism slows nerve cells sensitized drug excreted rapidly endorphins facilitate release of P |
drug excreted more rapidly
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which w/drawal lasts longest?
PAW protracted chronic acute |
PAW
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Methadone:
only used for tx of opioid addiction opioid antag opioid agon schedule 1 drug |
agon
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heroin replacement therapy?
buprenorphine BAAM meperdine morphine |
buprenorphine
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which opioid antagonist?
naloxone (Narcan) buprenorphine (Subotex) naltrexone (Revia) all |
all
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which used for surgery
morphine darvon fentanyl oxy |
fentanyl
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naltrexone (revia) withh
not work if used w alc snap out of overdose make sick if use block opiate symptoms |
block opiate symp
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buprenorphine:
opioid antagonist at low dose opioid agonist at high dose altern to meth used in hi dose for detox |
meth
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ER:
opioids and benzos alc, then opioids benzos and meth opioid and her |
opioids and benzos
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benzo tol:
occurs bc benzos are prodrugs an older person tol more quickly occurs bc liver becomes more efficient all |
liver becomes more efficient
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benzo w/d
not generally life threat lethargy and depressed breathing recurrence of original sx being treated during w/d all |
recurrence
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for barb tol, conversion of liver cells to more efficient cells that metaboize or destroy barbs more quickly is:
dispositional tol pharmacodynamic tol reverse tol beh tol |
dispositional tol
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process where alc enters blood stream from small intestine:
general abs infusion passive diffusion active transport |
passive diffusion
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first enzyme that metabolizes alc:
alc dehydrogenase acetaldehyde dehydrogenase acetic acid acetid dehydrogenase |
alc dehydrogenase
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All should avoid alc EXCEPT
mental health problems allergic to nutrosamines or other congeners hx of addiction hx of heart probs |
hx of heart probs
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therapeutic use of alc:
pain reliever for nerve conditions prevent diabetes induce labor social phobia |
pain reliever
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alc initially elevates mood by releasing ___ then depletes it causing depression
dop ser glut met-enkephaline |
ser
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which NT when released by alc use reduces pain
dop ser glut met-enkephaline |
met-enkephalin
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Dispositional tol?
liver less able to metabolize alc body changes and alc metabolized more efficiently brain neurons and other cells become more resistant learn to handle liquor |
body changes to it metabolizes alc more efficiently
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pharmacodynamic tol?
liver less able to metabolize alc body changes and alc metabolized more efficiently brain neurons and other cells become more resistant learn to handle liquor |
brains neurons and other cells become more resistant to effects of alc
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ppl seeking tx experience major sx of w/d after __ days of continuous heavy drinking?
7-24 30-40 48-87 90-115 |
48-87
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