Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the 3 basic processes in deuterostome development? |
mitosis, morphogenesis, differentiation |
|
|
What are the 2 clues that fertilization has occurred in deuterostome development? |
1. presence of fertilization envelope 2. sperm and nuclei are not present |
|
|
What classes are in phyla Echinodermata? |
1. Crinoidea 2. Ophiuroidea 3. Echinoidea 4. Holothuroidea 5. Class Asteroidea |
|
|
What phylum and class do feather stars and sea lilies belong to? |
Phylum Echinodermata Class Crinoidea |
|
|
What phylum and class do brittle stars belong to? |
Phylum Echinodermata Class Ophiuroidea |
|
|
What phylum and class do sand urchins and sand dollars belong to? |
Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea |
|
|
What phylum and class does the sea cucumber belong to? |
Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea |
|
|
What phylum and class does the starfish belong to? |
Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea |
|
|
Class Crinoidea are __________ feeders |
filter |
|
|
How do Class Crinoidea obtain food? |
use arms to trap food particles |
|
|
Describe Class Ophiuroidea arms |
-5 distinct slender, jointed arms -use arms to crawl/ swim rapidly -arms break easily and are quickly regenerated |
|
|
Do animals in Class Holothuroidea have arms? |
no |
|
|
Describe how Class Holothuroidea obtains food |
-mouth at center of crown of feeding tentacles -eat plankton or scavenge dead organic matter |
|
|
What shape are the bodies of animals in Class Asteroidea? |
star shaped |
|
|
Where are animals in Class Asteroidea found? |
Atlantic coast of North Amerixa |
|
|
What do animals in Class Asteroidea eat? |
oysters |
|
|
What is causing Class Asteroidea to die off? |
increased water temperatures infection of a densovirus |
|
|
Adults of Phylum Echinodermata display what type of symmetry? |
radial |
|
|
What is the most distinctive feature of Phylum Echinodermata? |
water vascular system |
|
|
What acts as the principal medium for transport of food and respiratory gases for animals in Phylum Echinodermata? |
coelomic fluid |
|
What is this animal and what phylum and class does this animal belong to? |
Brittle Star Phylum Echinodermata Class Ophiuroidea |
|
What animal is this and what phylum and class does it belong to? |
Crinoid Phylum Echinodermata Class Crinoidea |
|
What animal is this and phylum and class does it belong to? |
Sea Urchin Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea |
|
What animal is this and what phylum and class does it belong to? |
Sand Dollar Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea |
|
What animal is this and what phylum and class does it belong to? |
Sea Cucumber Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea |
|
What animal is this and what phylum and class does it belong to? |
Starfish Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea |
|
|
What are the 5 important characteristics that all chordates share at some point in their development? |
1. a notochord 2. pharyngeal gill slits 3. dorsal hollow nerve cord 4. post-anal tail 5. endostyle/thyroid |
|
What animal is this and what phylum and subphylum does it belong to? |
Lancelet
Phylum Chordata Subphylum Cephalochordata |
|
What animal is this and what phylum and subphylum does it belong to? |
Tunicate Phylum Chordata Subphylum Urochordata |
|
|
What are the defining characteristics of Subphylum Vertebrata in Phylum Chordata? |
-cranium and spinal column -dorsal hollow nerve cord retained in adult |
|
|
What are the defining characteristics of Subphylum Cephalochordata in Phylum Chordata? |
-retain all chordate characteristics as adults -well developed coelom -fusiform body with prominent muscle segments |
|
|
What are the defining characteristics of Subphylum Urochordata in Phylum Chordata?
|
-primitive circulatory system -neural tube and notochord are lost in sedentary adult |
|
|
What forms the dermal skeleton in star fish? |
ossicles |
|
|
How do starfish move? |
-movement is coordinated by a nervous system with a nerve ring in the central disc and a nerve cord running down each arm -water vascular system acts as hydraulic system during locomotion -tube feet |
|
|
Describe the reproductive system of the perch |
female: ovary is an organ colored sac filled with eggs male: testes are pair of white elongated bodies |
|
|
What is the function of the air bladder in the perch? |
secretion and absorption of gasses to adjust to different depths of water |
|
|
Describe protostomes |
-blastopore becomes mouth -schizocoelic -cleavage=spiral, determinate |
|
|
Describe deuterostomes |
-blastopore becomes anus -enterocoelic -cleavage= radial, indeterminate |
|
|
What are the main body regions of the perch? |
1. head 2. trunk 3. tail |
|
|
Which subphylum of Phylum Chordata retains all 5 chordate characteristics through its whole life? |
subphylum Cephalochordata |
|
|
What is the function of epithelial tissue? |
-covers both internal and external body structures -sometimes has a role in absorbing or secreting substances |
|
|
What are some specific examples of epithelial tissue? |
-stratified squamous -simple squamous -simple cuboidal -simple columnar |
|
|
What is the function of connective tissue? |
-specialize in binding and support, protection, internal transport, storage and insulation |
|
|
What are some specific examples of connective tissue? |
-adipose -blood -bone -dense fibrous -loose fibrous -hyaline cartilage |
|
|
What is the function of muscle tissue? |
-contraction for the purposes of movement |
|
|
What are some specific examples of muscle tissue? |
-cardiac -skeletal -smooth |
|
|
What is the function of nervous tissue? |
communication |
|
|
Nervous tissue is composed of two classes of cells called |
neurons and glia |
|
|
Microscopic study and classification of animal cells and tissues |
histology |
|
|
What does histology explain? |
how a cell's structure enhances its functionality |
|
What type of cells are these?
|
simple squamous |
|
What type of cells are these? |
simple cuboidal |
|
What type of cells are on the perimeter? |
simple columnar |
|
|
What is the defining characteristic of Phylum Echinodermata? |
water vascular system |
|
|
How many types of tissue are there and what are they? |
4; epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous |
|
|
Where do frogs reproduce? |
in water or in very moist places on land |
|
|
What is aquatic larval stage that most frogs go through called? |
tadpole |
|
|
Why must amphibians live in damp habitats on land and must return often to the water? |
amphibians have only a rudimentary ability to conserve body water and use their skin as a respiratory surface |
|
|
How do adult frogs move? |
powerful hindlegs and webbed feet |
|
|
What are the smaller front legs of the frog used for? |
to raise the front of the body above the ground |
|
|
Contraction of a muscle causes it to _____ in length so that the structures to which it is attached are _________________. |
shorten, brought towards each other |
|
|
What type of muscle causes bending? |
flexor |
|
|
What type of muscle straightens or extends part of the body |
extensors |
|
|
What type of muscles move a part toward the axis or midline of the body? |
adductor |
|
|
What type of muscles move a part away from the axis or midline of the body |
abductor |
|
|
Sheets of tough connective tissue |
fascia |
