Bio Chapter 6

Front 1

somatic cells are

Back 1

body cells

Front 2

germ cells are

Back 2

sex cells

Front 3

germ cells mature into what

Back 3

mature gametes

Front 4

does the number of chromosomes affect its complexity

Back 4

no

Front 5

homologous chromosomes

Back 5

thepair of chromosomes…one from mom and one from dad.

Front 6

what are autosomes

Back 6

chromosomesthat contain genes for characteristics not directly related to the sex of theoffspring

Front 7

what do sex chromosomes do

Back 7

directly control the development ofsexual characteristics. X chromosome(female) Y chromosome (male)

Front 8

which chromosomes are autosomes

Back 8

1-22

Front 9

which chromosome is a sex cells

Back 9

23

Front 10

what is sexual reproduction

Back 10

Fusionof two gametes that results in offspring that are genetic mixture of bothparents9}

Front 11

waht is a dipoid cell

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a cell has 2 copies of each chromosome; 1from mom---1 from dad this means we get 46 chromosomes

Front 12

what is a haploid cell

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a cell only has 1 copy of eachchromosome.23 chromosomes

Front 13

Germcells make gametes in what process

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meiosis

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how many rounds of division does meiosis go through

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2

Front 15

mitosis and meiosis both have how many stages

Back 15

4 each

Front 16

Pairsof homologous chromosomes separate inwhat phase

Back 16

meiosis 1

Front 17

sister chromatids divide in what stage

Back 17

meiosis 2

Front 18

meiosis 1 occours after the what

Back 18

the division of dna

Front 19

what are some ways that meiosis and mitosis differ?

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Meiosis has 2cell divisionswhile mitosis has one.In mitosis, homologous chromosomes neverpair up.Meiosisresults in haploidcells;mitosis results in diploidcells

Front 20

Gametogenesisis

Back 20

the production of gametes

Front 21

what is a trait

Back 21

the characteristics that are inheritedthings you can see

Front 22

genetics are

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•the study of inheritance patterns andvariations in organisms

Front 23

what are traits

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distinguishingcharacteristics that are inherited

Front 24

eiter or traits are

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a trait that can be one or the other

Front 25

purebred is

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geneticallyuniform offspring inherited ofthe parents characteristics

Front 26

traits are inheirited as what

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discrete units

Front 27

what is the law of segragation

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Organismsinherit 2copies ofeach gene, one from each parent and Thetwo copies segregateduring gameteformation

Front 28

what is locus

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location

Front 29

what does the position of the locus tell us?

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thespecific location of the gene on the chromosome

Front 30

what is an allele

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anyof the alternate forms of a gene that may occur

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homozygus means

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describesidentical alleles thatare the same at a specific locus

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heterozygous means

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differentalleles that are different at a specific locus

Front 33

the genotype is the

Back 33

genitic makeup

Front 34

phenotype is the

Back 34

physical makeup

Front 35

all of an organisms genetic amterial is called the

Back 35

genome

Front 36

what isthe exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes

Back 36

crossing over

Front 37

Geneslocated close together on a chromosome tend to be inherited together are called

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linkage

Front 38

there are how many different possiblities for the way somone looks

Back 38

8-7 trillion

Front 39

Back 39

know this

Front 40

during what do thealleles are separate as the chromosomes separate

Back 40

meiosis

Front 41

genotype for FF,Ff,Ff,ff

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1,2,1

Front 42

phenotype for FF,Ff,Ff,ff

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3 to 1 dominant to rescessive

Front 43

what is a cross between an organism with anunknown genotype and an organism with the recessive phenotype

Back 43

testcross