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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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1.gene therapy |
technique that places healthy copy of a gene into the cells of a person whose copy of the gene is defective.
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replacing genes |
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2.genetic counseling |
process of informing a person or couple about their genetic makeup |
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3.chorionic villi sampling |
physician takes samplr of chorionic villi cells derived from the zygote that grow between the mothers uterus and placent |
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4.amniocentesis |
procedure used in fetal diagnosis in which amniotic fluid is removed from the uterus of the pregnant woman |
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5.huntington's disease |
autosomal dominant condition characterized by forgetfulness and irritability |
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6.sex influenced traits |
autosomal trait influenced by the presence of male or female sex hormones |
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7.incomplete dominance |
when an individual displays a trait that is intermediate between the two parents |
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8.codominance |
both alleles are expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote |
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9.multiple alleles |
genes with three or more alleles |
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10.complex characters |
characters that are influenced strongly both by the enviornment and by genes |
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11.polygenic |
characters influenced by several genes |
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12.genetic disorders |
diseases or disabling conditions that have a genetic basis |
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13.pedigree |
diagram that shows how a trait is inherited over several generations |
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14. insertion mutation |
one or more nucleotides are added to a gene which can also result in a frameshift mutation |
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15. frameshift mutation |
loss causing an incorrect grouping of remaining codons making all amino acids downstream change. |
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16. substitution |
one nucleotide replaces another |
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17.point mutation |
substitution addition or removal of a single nucleotide |
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18.nondisjunction |
a chromosome fails to seperate from its homolouge during meiosis |
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19. translocation |
piece of one chromosome breaks off and reattaches to a nonhomologous chromosomr |
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20. inversion |
chromosomal segment breaks off flips aroud backward and reattaches |
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21. deletion |
loss of a piece of chromosome due to breakage |
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22.lethal mutations |
mutation that may cause death often before birth |
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23.somatic cell mutations |
take place in organisms body cells and can therefore affect the organism |
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24. germ cell mutations |
occur in organism's gametes |
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25. map unit |
frequency of crossing over of 1 percent |
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26. chromosome map |
diagram that shows linear order of genes on a chromosome |
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27.linked genes |
pairs of genes that tend to be inherited together |
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28.sex linked trait |
refers to a trait that is coded for by an allele on a sex chromsome |
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29.autosome |
remaining chromosomes that are not directly involved in determining sex of an individual |
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30.sex chromosome |
contain genes that determine the sex of an indivdual |
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31.carrier |
fourth or fifth in the generation of the pedigree because they have one copy of the recessive allele but do not have the disease |
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