Bio Ch9

Front 1

Define "cellular respiration"

Back 1

oxidation of food (glucose / pyruvate) with energy captured in forms of NADH or FADH2 or ATP

Front 2

Define "metabolism"

Back 2

sum total of chemical reactions that occur in a cell, includes catabolic and anabolic reactions

Front 3

Define "aerobic"

Back 3

reactions requiring oxygen

Front 4

Define "glycolysis"

Back 4

enzymatic oxidation of glucose to pyruvate in which released energy is captured in the form of ATP and NADH

Front 5

Define "fermentation"

Back 5

anaerobic metabolic pathway which sustains ATP production via glycolysis by regenerating NAD+

Front 6

Define "anaerobic"

Back 6

reactions that do not require oxygen

Front 7

Define "ATP"

Back 7

adenosine triphosphate - molecule comprised of ribose, adenine, and 3 phosphate groups which functions as a form of usable energy in the cell

Front 8

Define "electron carrier"

Back 8

molecule that captures energy released in oxidation reaction by binding (accepting) released electrons (ex. NAD+, FAD, Q, Cytochrome)

Front 9

Define "redox reaction"

Back 9

reaction which involves transfer of electrons between molecules

Front 10

Define "oxidation"

Back 10

loss of electrons or loss of H atoms or acceptance of oxygen

Front 11

Define "reduction"

Back 11

gain of electrons or gain of H atoms or loss of oxygen

Front 12

Define "proton gradient"

Back 12

difference in proton (H+) concentration across the inner mitochondrial membrane