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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Macromolecules |
Large molecules made of many covalent bonds
Carbs, Proteins, Nucleic Acids (Polymers built from Monomers) Lipids (Not made from monomers)
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Dehydration Reaction (Synthesis) |
Two monomers bonded close together (loose water) |
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Hydrolysis |
Polymers broken to monomers
Requires water |
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Carbohydrates |
Monomer --> Monosaccharide
Simple sugar: Glucose
Fuel for the body
Polymer --> Polysaccharide
Complex carbs
Glycosidic linkage: Bonds between monosaccharides |
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Polysaccharides |
Where excess glucose is stored -Starch: Plants (Store xtra glucose) -Glycogen: Animals (Store xtra sugar) -Only so much glucose can be stored the rest becomes fat -2nd Fuel Source -Muscles/Liver -Plant Cell Walls: Cellulose (Fiber) -Most animals can't digest -Herbivores: Symbiotic relationship with microbes(How they can live on plants) -Fiber Cleans Intestines!
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Protein |
Monomer: Amino Acids Polymer: Polypeptide Peptide Bond: Bond between amino acids Can be made up of more than one polypeptide Support, Storage, Communication, Movement Proteins/Diet: Essential (Ones you need), Non Essential (Ones you make yourself--> Liver) |
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Excess Protein |
Can't be stored, needs to be broken down or turned into fat |
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Protein Structure: Primary |
Starts to build the protein Unique sequence of AA : Bonded together DNA Based Determines structure/function of a protein |
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Secondary |
AA becomes folded into coils/folds H bonds Alpha Helix: Coil Beta Pleated Sheet: Fold |
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Tertiary |
Peptide folded into final shape -H bonds -Ionic Bonds -Covalent -Van der Waals interaction -Hydrophobic interactions *Whats holding it
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Quaternary |
Only occurs with two or more polypeptides
EX: Collagen, Hemoglobin |
