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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Evolution
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change over time of characteristcs
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Scala Natura
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The idea of evolution according to aristotal
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jean lamarck
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believed that if an orginism needed a trait it would aquire it and pass it onto offspring
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microevolution
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variations within a species
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stabilizing selection
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intermediate genes are favored
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disruptive selection
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2 extreme traits
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directional selection
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one extreme gene is favored
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sexual selection
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a sex chooses what they like best and that moves on
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niche
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resource that a spicies uses
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gene flow
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bad for evolution, when individuals move in and out of different populations
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genetic drift
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2 populations start to form individual mutations making them different
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reporductive isolations
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anything that keeps individuals from reproducing
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founder effect
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a form of bottlenecking when a population migrates and becomes a new population
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speciation
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populations evolve enough genetic change so breeding can no longer occur
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allopatric speciation
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physical barriers keeping groups apart
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sympatric speciation
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internal factors keeping groups apart
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adaptive radation
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the apearence of many new species
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cladogenesis
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branching tree to describe macroevolution
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anagenesis
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non-branching(linear) describes microevolution
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KT extinction
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65 million yrs ago took out dinosaurs
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"big dying"
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251 million yrs ago mass extinction killed 95% of living things
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first life
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stramatolites-most basic life forms
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homology
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similarities in different animals that we know came from common ancestor
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analogy
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traits look the same but have different ancestors
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molecular clocks
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refers to mitrochondrial and chromosomal dna tells us when things lived
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mitochondrial eve
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one woman who gave one gene to all woman in one area
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