Bio 30 Endocrine Unit

Front 1

What hormone does the hypothalamus secrete and what does it do?

Back 1

It secretes hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones. And it regulates anterior pituitary hormones

Front 2

What hormones do the anterior pituitary gland secrete and what do they do?

Back 2

-(hGH) human growth hormone and this stimulate cell division bone and muscle growth and the metabolic functions.

-(TSH) Thyroid simulating hormone and it stimulates the thyroid gland.

-(ACTH) adrenocorticotropic hormone and it stimulates The adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids

Hint 2

There are 3 of them

Front 3

What are the hormones that are secreted from the posterior pituitary gland and what do they do?

Back 3

-(ADH) antidiuretic hormone and this promotes the retention of water by the kidneys.

-(OCT) oxytocin and it stimulates your muscle contractions and release of milk by the mammary glands.

Front 4

What hormones does the thyroid secrete and what do they do?

Back 4

-(T4) thyroxin and this affects all tissues increases metabolic rate and regulates growth and development

-calcitonin and this targets bones and kidneys to LOWER blood calcium from bones and reabsorption of calcium by kidneys.

Front 5

What hormones does the parathyroid gland secreteand what does it do?

Back 5

-(PTH) parathyroid hormone and it RAISES blood calcium levels by stimulating the bone cells to release calcium, then testerone to absorb calcium from food, and the kidneys to ribs or calcium.

Front 6

What hormones are secreted from the adrenal cortex glands and what do they do?

Back 6

-(cortisol) glucocorticoids and they stimulate tissues to raise blood glucose and break down protein.

-(aldosterone) mineralocorticoids and they promote reabsorption of sodium and water by the kidneys.

Front 7

What hormones are secreted from the adrenal medulla gland and what do they do?

Back 7

-epinephrin and norepinephrine. Fight or flight hormone raises blood glucose levels. (basically adrenaline and non-Adrenaline)

Front 8

What hormones are secreted from the pancreas and what do they do?

Back 8

-insulin. And it lowers blood glucose levels and promotes the formation of glycogen in the liver.

-glucagon – raises blood glucose levels.

Front 9

What are tropic hormones?

Back 9

They are hormones that stimulate Endocrine glands to release other hormones.

Front 10

What is gigantism?

Back 10

Excessive amounts of HGH during childhood. Basically the liver is stimulated consistently to secrete the hormone called growth factors.

Front 11

What is dwarfism?

Back 11

Insufficient hGH during childhood. Basically the liver is not being stimulated at all or very small amounts to secrete the hormone called growth factors

Front 12

What is acromegaly?

Back 12

Overproduction of HGH in adults. Causes bones and tissue to widen therefore causing feet face and hands to enlarge and and ribs to thicken.

Front 13

What affect does iodine have on the thyroid gland?

Back 13

I don't is required in order to produce/make the hormone thyroxine. (T4)

Front 14

Which hormone does not have a specific target organ?

Back 14

Thyroxine (T4)

Front 15

What is the primary effect of thyroxin (T4)?

Back 15

The primary factors to increase the rate at which the body metabolizes fat, protein and carbohydrates for energy.

Front 16

What is hypothyroidism?

Back 16

It is extremely low quantities of thyroxine.

Front 17

What is hyperthyroidism?

Back 17

It is an overproduction of thyroxine.

Front 18

What is thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and what does it do?

Back 18

Causes the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine.

Front 19

What is a goitre and what causes it?

Back 19

Insufficient amount of iodine leads to overproduction of TSH thyroid stimulating hormone, causing goitre. A goitre is an in large meant of the thyroid gland.

Front 20

What can PDH parathyroid hormone do when is low on calcium in the blood?

Back 20

Breakstone bone cells to reabsorb calcium back into the blood. Vitamin D has an effect.

Front 21

What endocrine gland is responsible for short term stress response?

Back 21

The adrenal Medulla

Front 22

What endocrine gland is responsible for long-term stress response?

Back 22

The adrenal cortex

Front 23

What targets the adrenal cortex to release cortisol?

Back 23

(ACTH) adrenocorticotropic hormone ( secreted from the pituitary gland)

Front 24

What is cortisol (glucocorticoids) ?

Back 24

Steroid hormone synthesized from cholesterol.

Front 25

What is the main function of cortisol?

Back 25

It's main function is to raise the blood glucose levels. It is also a natural anti-inflammatory.

Front 26

When the body is lacking in sodium what hormone is increased/released.

Back 26

ALDOSTERONE

Front 27

What hormone increases the level of blood glucose?

Back 27

Glucagon

Front 28

What is the alpha cells and what do they do?

Back 28

Secrete glucagon to increase the level of blood glucose.

Front 29

What are the beta cells and what do they do?

Back 29

Secrete insulin to decrease the levels of blood glucose.

Front 30

___________ stimulates the liver to convert glycogen back into glucose, which is released into the bloodstream.

Back 30

Glucagon

Front 31

What is diabetes Mellitus?

Back 31

When the body doesn't produce enough insulin. What glucose levels tend to raise shortly after meals and maintain elevated until insulin is injected into the body. This is a representation of type one diabetes.

Front 32

What is diabetes insipidus?

Back 32

The inability to produce ADH.

Front 33

What is an endocrine gland

Back 33

It's secretes directly into the bloodstream.

Front 34

What is an exocrine gland?

Back 34

It secretes into ducks for example the pancreas is both an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland.