Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Ionic bond |
Is a chemical bonds between atoms formed by the complete transfer of one or more electrons. Separate ions formed creating charged particles |
Na+ Cl- |
|
|
Polar covalent bonds |
Unequal sharing of electrons. Slightly negative charge at one end of molecule slightly positive charge at other end |
|
|
|
Nonpolar covalent bond |
Equal sharing of electrons . Electrically balanced |
O=C=O |
|
|
Covalent bond |
Electron sharing produces molecules in which the shared electrons occupy a single orbital common to both atoms. Can be single covalent bond ,double covalent bond or triple covalent bond |
|
|
|
Synthesis reaction (Combination) |
Atoms or molecules combined to form larger more complex molecules. -Always involved in bond formation. - anabolic |
A+B -> AB Amino acids joined together to form protein molecules |
|
|
Decomposition reactions |
Molecule is broken down into smaller molecules or its constituent atoms. - Catabolic |
AB -> A + B
Glycogen broken down to glucose molecules |
|
|
Exchange reactions (displacement) |
Involves both synthesis and decomposition. Bonds are both made and broken. In an exchange reaction parts of the reactant the molecules change partners producing different product molecules |
AB + C -> AC + B |
|
|
Oxidation reduction (redox) reaction |
Are decomposition reactions. They are also a exchange reaction because electrons are exchanged between the reactants. LEO goes GER
Lose Electrons Oxidized Gain Electron Reduced |
|
|
|
Exergonic |
Net release of energy • Catabolic |
Exit |
|
|
Endergonic reactions |
Net absorption of energy • Anabolic |
Enter |
|
|
Hydroxyl group |
Also called alcohols. Consists of a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom. -OH |
HH | | H-C-C-OH | | H H |
|
|
Carboxyl group |
Consist of a carbon double bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to hydrogen group. -COOH |
|
|
|
Carbonyl group |
A carbon atom is a link by a double bond to an oxygen Atom C=O |
|
|
|
Amino Group |
Has a nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens and Carbon skeleton -NH2 |
|
|
|
Methyl group |
Consists of a carbon bonded to three hydrogens. -CH3 |
|
|
|
Phosphate group |
Consist of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxgen atoms organic phosphates involved in energy transfer -PO4 |
|
|
|
Aldehyde |
Carbonyl group -C=O (at the end) •sugars, essential oils |
|
|
|
Aldehyde |
Carbonyl group -C=O (at the end) •sugars, essential oils |
|
|
|
Ketone |
-C=O carbonyl group (in the middle) • hormones • ketoacidosis |
|
