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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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prokaryotic cell |
small, no nucleus, |
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Eukaryotic cells |
possesses organelles separated by membranes |
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all living things exhibit |
1. Composition of Cells 2. Growth and Development 3. Order 4. Regulation 5. Process energy 6. Response to environmental stimuli 7. Reproduction 8. Adaptation |
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homeostasis |
The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes. |
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Levels of Organization |
1. Biosphere 2. Ecosystem 3. Community 4. Population 5. Organism 6. Organ System 7. Organ |
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Biosphere |
Thin layer around the earth, supporting life |
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Ecosystem |
All the physical conditions and organisms within its boundaries |
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Biome |
More generic "type" of ecosystem |
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Community |
All organisms of different species interacting together |
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Population |
Individuals of the same species in a given area |
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Organism |
The basic living system, a functional grouping of the lower-level components, including at least one cell |
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Organ system |
Functional groups of organs |
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Organ |
Functional groups of tissues |
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Tissue |
Functional groups of cells |
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Cell |
Basic unit of all life and the grouping of organelles |
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Organelle |
Functional groups of biomolecules, biochemical reactions and interactions |
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Emergent Properties |
Novel properties emerge when units of a specific organizational level are combined |
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Reductionism |
Reduction of complex systems to more simple components |
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Taxonomy |
The branch of biology that names and classifies species into groups of increasing breadth |
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Taxonomy levels |
1. species 2. genus 3. family 4. order 5. class 6. phylum 7. kingdom 8. domain |
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How to Name species |
"Genus, specific epithet" ie. "genus, species" must be underlined |
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Domains of life |
1. Bacteria- prokaryotes, highly unicellular 2. Archaea- prokaryotes, highly unicellular 3. Eukarya- contain a nucleus and organelles |
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Eukarya |
1. Fungi 2. Protists 3. Plantae 4. Animalia |
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Aristotle species classification |
Highly linear, from gods at the top(most complex) to the most basic |
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Carolus Linnaeus |
Founder of taxonomy Created nested classification system Created "genus species" nomenclature |
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James Hutton |
Gradualism - geological features formed over billions of years |
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Charles Lyell |
Claimed Gradualism is still in effect and continues today. |
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John Baptiste Lamark |
First to propose evolution. He proposed that using a body part developed it, and could be passed on |
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Thomas Malthus |
Publishes paper on natural competition and limitation of resources. |
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Homologous Structures |
anatomical resemblances from current species to their ancestors (four-legged animals) |
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Vestigial Structures |
remnants from ancestors |
