Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
181 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Male condom |
A sheath placed over the penis as a contraceptive |
|
|
|
Barrier method |
Any contraceptive technique in which a physical barrier, such as a condom or diaphragm, prevents sperm from reaching the ovum. |
|
|
|
Female condom |
A plastic pouch inserted into the vagina as a contraceptive and/or to prevent disease transmission. |
|
|
|
Diaphragm |
A barrier placed over the cervix as a contraceptive. Usually paired with spermicide. |
|
|
|
Cervical cap |
A small rubber or plastic cap that adheres by suction to the cervix, used as a contraceptive. |
|
|
|
Lea's shield |
A type of diaphragm with a one way valve. |
|
|
|
FemCap |
A type of cervical cap that has a raised brim. |
|
|
|
Spermacide |
A chemical that kills sperm, available as a contraceptive in a variety of forms, such as foams, creams, and suppositories. |
|
|
|
Intraterine device (IUD) |
A device placed in the uterus as a contraceptive. Also called intrauterine contraceptive (IUD). |
|
|
|
ParaGard |
A copper-containing IUD. |
|
|
|
Mirena |
A hormone-releasing IUD. |
|
|
|
Constant-dose combination pill |
An oral contraceptive regimen in which all pills (except any dummy pills) contain the same drug dosage. |
|
|
|
Triphasic combination pill |
An oral contraceptive regimen that varies the doses of estrogens and progestins around the menstrual cycle. |
|
|
|
Extended use regime |
A regimen of contraceptive pills that allows for fewer or no menstrual periods. |
|
|
|
Progestin only pills |
An oral contraceptive that contains progestin but no estrogen. Also called the mini pill. |
|
|
|
Depo-provera |
An injectable form of medroxyprogesterone acetate, used as a contraceptive in women or to decrease the sex drive in male sex offenders. |
|
|
|
Ortha Evra |
A contraceptive patch. |
|
|
|
Nuva Ring |
A contraceptive ring placed in the vagina. |
|
|
|
Contraceptive implant |
A device implanted in the body that slowly releases a hormonal contraceptive. |
|
|
|
Implanon |
An implanted hormonal contraceptive. |
|
|
|
Fertility awareness methods |
Contraceptive techniques that rely on avoiding coitus during a woman's fertility window. Also called rhythm methods or periodic abstinence methods. |
|
|
|
Standard days method |
A simplified calendar method of contraception usable by women with regular cycles. |
|
|
|
Calendar rhythm method |
A fertitily awareness method of contraception that takes account of variability in the length of a woman's and menstrual cycle. |
|
|
|
Cervical mucus method |
A fertility awareness method of contraception that depends on observing changes in the cervical mucus. |
|
|
|
Sympto-thermal method |
A rhythm method of contraception that uses the measurement of basal body temperature and the testing of cervical mucus to determine the time of ovulation and the fertile window. |
|
|
|
Withdrawal method |
A method of contraception in which the man withdraws his penis from the vagina prior to ejaculation. |
|
|
|
Outercourse |
Sexual activities other than coitus, promoted as a means for preventing unwanted pregnancy and reducing the risk of STD transmission. |
|
|
|
Emergency contraception |
Use of high-dose contraceptives to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex. |
|
|
|
Plan B |
A progestin used for emergency contraception. |
|
|
|
Ella |
A form of emergency contraception that is effective for 5 days after sex. |
|
|
|
Sterilization |
A surgical procedure to eliminate fertility in either sex. |
|
|
|
Vasectomy |
A male sterilization technique that involves cutting or tying off the cas derens. |
|
|
|
Vasovasostomy |
Surgery to reverse a vasectomy. |
|
|
|
Tubal sterilization |
Female sterilization by blockage of the oviducts. |
|
|
|
Tubal ligation |
A procedure in which the oviducts are blocked by tying them off. |
|
|
|
Laparoscopy |
Abdominal surgery, such as tubal sterilization, performed through a small incision with the aid of laparoscope(a fiber-optic viewing instrument). |
|
|
|
Mini-laparotomy |
Abdominal surgery, such as tubal sterilization, performed through a short incision. |
|
|
|
Essure |
A method of tubal sterilization that blocks the oviducts by use of metal coils. |
|
|
|
Adiana |
A method of tubal sterilization that blocks the oviducts with small plugs. |
|
|
|
Induced abortion |
An abortion performed by medical or surgical means. |
|
|
|
Therapeutic abortion |
An abortion performed to safeguard a woman's life or health. |
|
|
|
Elective abortion |
An abortion performed in circumstances when the woman's health is not at risk. |
|
|
|
Surgical abortion |
An abortion induced by a surgical procedure. |
|
|
|
Medical abortion |
An abortion induced with drugs. Also called medication abortion. |
|
|
|
Vacuum aspiration |
An abortion procedure in which the concepts is destroyed and removed by suction. |
|
|
|
Dilation and evacuation (D&E) |
A procedure involving the opening of the cervix and the scraping out of the contents of the uterus with a curette(spoonlike instrument). |
|
|
|
Dilation and evacuation (D&E) |
A procedure involving the opening of the cervix and the scraping out of the contents of the uterus with a curette(spoonlike instrument). |
|
|
|
Saline-induced abortion |
An abortion induced by use of a strong salt solution. |
|
|
|
Hysterectomy |
An abortion performed via a surgical incision in the abdominal wall and the uterus. |
|
|
|
Hysterectomy |
An abortion performed via a surgical incision in the abdominal wall and the uterus. |
|
|
|
Mifepristone |
An anti-progesterone drug used to induce abortion. Also known as RU-486. |
|
|
|
Misoprostol |
A prostaglandin used in medical abortion. |
|
|
|
Methotrexate |
A drug used in some medical abortions. |
|
|
|
Pro-life |
Opposed to abortion; believing that abortion should be illegal under most or all circumstances . |
|
|
|
Pro-choice |
Believing that abortion should be legal under some or all circumstances. |
|
|
|
Implantation |
The attachment of the embryo to the endometrium. |
|
|
|
Ultrasound scan |
An imaging procedure that depends on the reflection of ultrasonic waves from density boundries within the body. |
AKA ultrasonographic scan. |
|
|
Subfertility |
Difficulty in establishing a pregnancy; arbitrary defined as the absence of pregnancy after a could has had frequent unprotected sex for 12months. |
|
|
|
Infertility |
Inability(of a man, woman or couple) to achieve pregnancy. |
|
|
|
Artificial insemination |
An assisted reproduction technique that involves the placement of seven in the vagina or uterus with the aid of a syringe or small tube. |
|
|
|
In vitro fertilization (IVF) |
Any of a variety of assisted reproduction techniques in which fertilization takes place outside the body. |
|
|
|
Preimplantation genetic screening |
Testing of in vitro fertilization embryos for genetic defects prior to implantation. |
|
|
|
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) |
In vitro fertilization and related technologies. |
|
|
|
Artificial insemination by donor. (AID) |
Artificial insemination using sperm from a man who is not the woman's partner. |
|
|
|
Sperm bank |
A facility that collects, stores, and provides semen for artificial insemination. |
|
|
|
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) |
An infection of the female reproductive tract, often caused by sexually transmitted organisms. |
|
|
|
Surrogate mother |
A woman who carries a pregnancy on behalf of another woman or couple. |
|
|
|
Down syndrome |
A collection of birth defects caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. |
|
|
|
Rh factor |
An antigen on the surface of red blood cells that, when present in a fetus but not in its mother, may trigger an immune response by the mother, resulting in life-threatening anemia of the fetus or newborn. |
|
|
|
Placenta |
The vascular organ, formed during pregnancy, that allows for the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus and the removal of waste products. |
|
|
|
Ectopic pregnancy |
Implantation and resulting pregnancy at any site other than the uterus. |
|
|
|
Gestational age |
A fetus's age times from the onset of the mother's last menstrual period. |
|
|
|
Naegele's rule |
A traditional rule for the calculation If A pregnant woman's due date. 9 calender months + 1 week after the onset of the last menstrual period. |
|
|
|
Trimester |
One of three 3-month divisions of pregnancy. |
|
|
|
Couvade |
Pregnancy-like symptoms in the male partner of a pregnant woman. |
|
|
|
Prenatal care |
Medical care and counseling provided to pregnant women. |
|
|
|
Preconception care |
Medical care and counseling provided to women before they become pregnant. |
|
|
|
Rubella |
German measles, a viral infection that can cause developmental defects in fetuses whose mother's contract disease during pregnancy. |
|
|
|
Fetal alcohol syndrome |
A collection of physical and behavioral symptoms in a child who was exposed to high level of alcohol as a fetus. |
|
|
|
Quickening |
The onset of movements by the fetus that can be felt by the mother. |
|
|
|
Amniocentesis |
The sampling of amniotic fluid for purposes of prenatal diagnosis. |
|
|
|
Spina bifida |
A congenial malformation caused by incomplete closure of the neural tube. |
|
|
|
Chorionic villus sampling |
The sampling of tissue from the placenta for purposes of prenatal diagnosis. |
|
|
|
Braxton-Hicks contractions |
Irregular uterine contractions that occur during the third trimester of pregnancy. Also called false labor. |
|
|
|
Placenta previa |
An abnormally low position of the placenta, so that it partially or completely covers the internal opening of the cervix. |
|
|
|
Incompetent cervix |
A weakening and partial opening of the cervix caused by a previous traumatic delivery, surgery, or other factors. |
|
|
|
Birthing center |
A facility specializing in childbirth care. |
|
|
|
Lamaze method |
A method of childbirth instruction that focuses on techniques of relaxation and other natural means of pain reduction. |
|
|
|
Bradley method |
A method of childbirth instruction that stresses the partner's role as birth coach and that seeks to avoid medical interventions. |
|
|
|
Glycogen |
A polymer of glucose used for energy storage. |
|
|
|
Parturition |
Delivery of offspring; childbirth. |
|
|
|
Labor |
The process of childbirth. |
|
|
|
Engagement |
The sinking of a fetus's head into a lower position in the pelvis in preparation for birth. |
AKA lightening. |
|
|
Contraction |
In childbirth, a periodic coordinated tightening of the uterine musculature, felt as a cramp. |
|
|
|
Softening |
The elimination of connective tissue bfrom the cervix, allowing it to thin out and dialate during labor. Also called ripening. |
|
|
|
Birth canal |
The canal formed by the uterus, cervix, and vagina, through which the fetus passes during the birth process. |
|
|
|
Effacement |
Thinning of the cervix in preparation for childbirth. |
|
|
|
Dilation |
In childbirth, the expansion of the cervical canal. |
AKA dilatation |
|
|
Transition |
The final phase of dilation of the cervix during labor. |
|
|
|
Epidural anaesthesia |
Anaesthesia administered just outside the membrane that surrounds the spinal cord. |
|
|
|
Crowning |
The appearance of the fatal scalp at the vaginal opening. |
|
|
|
Episiotomy |
A cut extending the opening of the vagina backward into the perineum, performed by an ovstetrician with the intention of facilitating childbirth or reducing the risk if a perineal tear. |
|
|
|
Afterbirth |
The placenta, whose delivery constitutes the final stage of labor. |
|
|
|
Cesarean section (C-section) |
The delivery of a baby through an incision in the abdominal wall and the uterus. |
|
|
|
Premature birth |
Birth that occurs more than 3weeks before a woman's due date. |
AKA preterm birth. |
|
|
Postpartum depression |
Depression in a mother during the postpartum phase. |
|
|
|
Induced labor |
Labor induced artificially by drugs. |
|
|
|
Postpartum |
The period after birth. |
|
|
|
Lochia |
A bloody vaginal discharge that may continue for a few weeks after childbirth. |
|
|
|
Delayed labor |
Labor that occurs more than 3 weeks after a woman's |
|
|
|
Depressive psychosis |
Depression accompanied by seriously disordered thinking. |
|
|
|
Lactation |
The production of milk in the mammary glands. |
|
|
|
Prolactin |
A protein hormone, secreted by the anterior love of the pituitary gland, that promotes breast development, among other things. |
|
|
|
Milk let-down reflex |
The ejection of milk into the milk ducts in response to suckling. |
AKA milk ejection reflex |
|
|
Colostrum |
The milk produced during the first few days after birth; it is relatively low in fat but rich in immunoglobulins. |
|
|
|
Wet nurse |
A woman who breast feeds someone else's infant. |
|
|
|
Infant formula |
Manufactured breast milk substitute. |
|
|
|
Mastitis |
Inflammation of the breast. |
|
|
|
Sex therapist |
A person who treats sexual disorders, usually by means of psychotherapy and sexual excercises. |
|
|
|
Senate focus |
A form of sex therapy that involves graduated touching excercises. |
|
|
|
Kegel excercises |
Excercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, with the aim of improving sexual function or alleviating urinary leakage. |
|
|
|
Primary disorder |
A disorder that is not preceded by any period of healthy function. |
|
|
|
Secondary disorder |
A disorder that follows some period of healthy function. |
|
|
|
Situational disorder |
A disorder that appears only in certain circumstances. |
|
|
|
Premature ejaculation |
Ejaculation before the man wishes, often immediately on commencement of coitus. |
AKA rapid ejaculation |
|
|
Stop-start method |
A sec therapy technique for the treatment of premature ejaculation that involves alternating between stimulating and not stimulating the penis. |
|
|
|
Delayed ejaculation |
Difficulty achieveing or inability to achieve orgasm and/or ejaculation. |
AKA male orgasmic disorder. |
|
|
Erectile dysfunction |
A persistent inability to achieve it maintain an erection sufficient to accomplish a desired sexual behavior such as coitus to orgasm. |
|
|
|
Prostaglandin E1 |
A hormone that is injected into the penis to produce an erection. |
|
|
|
Vacuum construction system |
A device for treating erectile dysfunction that creates a partial vacuum around the penis, thus drawing blood into the erectile tissue. |
|
|
|
Penile implant |
An implanted device for treatment of erectile dysfunction. |
|
|
|
Dyspareunia |
Pain during coitus. |
|
|
|
Female sexual arousal disorder |
Insufficient physiological arousal in women, such as to make sex unpleasurable or painful. |
|
|
|
Persistent genital arousal disorder |
Long-lasting physiological arousal in women, unaccompanied by subjective arousal or pleasure. |
|
|
|
Vulvar vestibulitis syndrome |
A form of dyspareunia marked by inflammation of the vestibule and increased tension in the pelvic floor muscles. |
|
|
|
Vaginismus |
Inability to experience coitus due to spasm of the muscles surrounding the outer vagina combined with pain, or fear of pain. |
|
|
|
Vaginal dilatoe |
A plastic cylinder used to enlarge the vagina to counteract vaginismus. |
|
|
|
Anorgasmia |
Difficulty experiencing or inability to experience orgasm. In women, also called female orgasmic disorder. |
|
|
|
Coiyal alignment technique (CAT) |
A variation of the man-above position for coitus that increases clitoral stimulation. |
|
|
|
Discrepant sexual desire |
The situation in which one partner in a relationship has much more interest in sex than the other. |
|
|
|
Hypersexuality |
Excessive sexual desire or behavior. |
|
|
|
Sexual addiction |
The idea that a person may be addicted to certain forms of sexual behavior by a mechanism similar to that of substance addiction. |
|
|
|
Compulsive sexual behavior |
Sexual behavior perceived subjectively as involuntary and diagnosed as a symptom of a compulsive disorder. |
|
|
|
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder |
Low or absent interest in sex, when this condition causes distress. |
AKA low sexual desire. |
|
|
Venereal disease |
Obsolete term for a sexually transmitted disease. |
|
|
|
Syphilis |
A sexually transmitted disease caused by a spirochete, Treponema pallidum. |
|
|
|
Reportable disease |
A disease, cases of which must by law be reported to health authorities. |
|
|
|
Pubic lice |
Insects that preferentially infest the pubic region. |
|
|
|
Scabies |
Infestation with a mite that burrows within the skin. |
|
|
|
Trichomoniasis |
Infection with the portozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. |
|
|
|
Asymptomatic carrier |
Someone who is infected with a disease organism but is not experiencing symptoms. |
|
|
|
Spirochete |
Any of a class of corkscrew-shaped bacteria, including the agent that causes syphilis. |
|
|
|
Chancre |
A primary site in the skin or a mucous membrane in a person infected with syphilis. |
|
|
|
Primary syphilis |
The first phase of syphilis, marked by the occurance of a chancre. |
|
|
|
Secondary syphilis |
The second phasebot syphilis, marked by a rash and fever. |
|
|
|
Latent phase |
An asymptomatic phase of syphilis or other infectious disease. |
|
|
|
Tertiary syphilis |
The third phase of syphilis, marked by multiple organ damage. |
|
|
|
Gonorrhea |
A sexually transmitted disease caused by infection with bacterium neisseria gonorrhoeae. |
|
|
|
Pelvic inflammatory disease |
An infection of the female reproductive tract, often caused by sexually transmitted organisms. |
|
|
|
Epididymitis |
Inflammation of the epididymis. |
|
|
|
Chlamydia |
A sexually transmitted disease caused by infection with the bacterium chlamydia trachomatis. |
|
|
|
Bacterial vaginosis. |
A condition in which the normal microorganisms of the vagina are replaced by other species, causing discomfort and a foul-smelling discharge. |
|
|
|
Urethritis |
Inflammation of the urethra, usually caused by an infection. |
|
|
|
Nongonococcal urethritis |
Urethritis not caused by an gonorrhea. |
|
|
|
Mycoplasmas |
A group of very small cellular organisms that may cause urethritis. |
|
|
|
Virus |
An extremely small infectious agent. When not inside a host cell, viruses are metabolically inert but infectious. |
|
|
|
Molluscum contagiosum |
A skin condition marked by a small raised growths: it is cause by a pox virus. |
|
|
|
Oral herpes |
Herpes infection of the mouyh, caused by HSV-1 or HSV-2. |
|
|
|
Genital herpes |
An infection of the genital area caused by HSV-2 or HSV-1 |
|
|
|
Acyclovir |
A drug used in the treatment of genital herpes. |
|
|
|
Human papilloma virus (HIV) |
Any group of viruses that can be sexually transmitted and that cause genital warts or other lesions; some types predispose infected persons to cancer of the cervix or anus. |
|
|
|
Genital warts |
Wartlike growths on or near the genitalia or anus, caused by infection with humans papillomavirus. |
|
|
|
Hepatitis viruses |
Viruses that cause liver disease. |
|
|
|
Hepatitis B |
Liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus, a virus that is often transmitted sexually. |
|
|
|
Jaundice |
Yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes, caused by liver disease. |
|
|
|
Hepatitis A |
Liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. It is sometimes transmitted sexually. |
|
|
|
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) |
The disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV); it's onset is defined by the occurance of opportunistic infections, or in the basis of blood tests. |
|
|
|
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
The retro virus that causes AIDS. |
|
|
|
Retrovirus |
An RNA virus whose genome is copied into DNA within the host cell |
|
|
|
Post-exposure prophylaxis |
A drug treatment designed to prevent establishment of an infection after exposure to a disease agent such as HIV. |
|
|
|
Pre-exposure |
A drug taken before exposure to a disease agent to prevent infection. |
|
