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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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haploid
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cell containing only one set of chromosomes
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polygenetic inheritance
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additive effect of 2 or more genes on a single chromosome
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punnett square
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model for establishing the probabilities of the results of a genetic cross
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incomplete dominance
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type of inheritance in which F1 hybrids have an appearance that is intermediate between phentotypes and parents
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dihybrid cross
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cross involving 2 pairs of traits
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recessive
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in a heterozygote- allele not expressed
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meiosis
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2 stage division found in only sexually reproducing organisms
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pedigree
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family tree showing how traits are passed from generation to generation
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chromosome
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long threadlike associations of genes found in the nuclei of all eukaryote cells
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diploid
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having a double set of genes and chromosomes (1 from each parent)
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germ cells
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cells that form the gametes after undergoing meiotic division "pre-sec cells"
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2 gene crossing
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genetic cross involving 2 genes
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characteristic
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specific part of a phenotype that can be inherited (horns)
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sex chromosomes
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chromosomes involved with the determination of sex
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monohybrid cross
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cross involving a single pair of contrasting traits (horns/no horns)
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gametes
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male/female sex cells that are usually the result of meiosis (cells that we drag)
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gene
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one of many discrete units of heredity info locate on the chromosomes and consisting of DNA (horns)
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homozygous
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having 2 identical alleles for a given trait (WW/ww)
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genotype
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genetic makeup of an organism
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autosome
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chromosomes not directly involved in determining sex
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phentotype
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detectable traits, both physical and chemical, of an organism
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sex linked traits
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traits that result from genes in sex chromosomes
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DNA
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deoxyribonucleic acid- genetic material of most organisms
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fertilization
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when sperm units with an egg
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mutation
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a change in the DNA that can be inherited
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single gene cross
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genetic cross that involves a single gene
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randomness
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occurance of events with no apparent pattern
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heredity
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transmition of genetic characters from parent to offspring
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dominance
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the phenotype expression of only one of two alleles in a heterozygote
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trait
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specific versions of a characteristic (plain/fancy tails)
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allele
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alternative forms of a gene
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