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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three major functions of the nervous system? |
Sensory Input |
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What are the two major divisions of the nervous system? |
The Central Nervous System The Peripheral Nervous System |
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What does the Central Nervous System consist of? |
The Brain and the Spinal Cord |
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What does the Peripheral Nervous System consist of? |
Nerves and Ganglia |
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What is a reflex? |
Automatic responses to stimuli |
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What are the three neurons involved in a simple reflex arc? |
Sensory neurons |
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What is the functional unit of the nervous system? |
Neurons |
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What do Neurons do? |
They receive and transmit signals |
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What are the three types of neurons? |
Sensory Neurons Interneurons Motor Neurons |
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What are two functions of neuroglial cells? |
Destroy Pathogens Provide nutrients to your neurons, including oxygen Form myelin, which wraps around axons to speed up electric impulse conduction Provide a general support structure on which neurons can sit |
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What is the difference between a neuron and a nerve? |
Neuron: nerve cells that transmit information Nerve: bundles of neurons wrapped in connective tissue |
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What is the function of the dendrites? |
Receive signals from otherneurons and convey this information toward thecell body |
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What is the function of the myelin sheath? |
A thick insulatingmaterial |
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What is the function of the synaptic terminals? |
Releasing chemicals (neurotransmitters) into the synapse (the gap between two neurons) |
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What is the resting potential of a neuron? |
the voltage across the plasmamembrane of a resting neuron |
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Is the interior of a neuron more positive or negative in relation to the outside of the cell? |
Just inside the cell is slightly negative and just outside the cell is slightly positive |
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How this membrane potential maintained? |
Differences in ionconcentration of the fluids inside and outside theneuron |
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Are there more K+ ions inside or outside of a resting neuron? Are there more Na+ ions inside or outside of a resting neuron? |
Inside the neuron, K+ is high and Na+ is low. Outside the neuron, K+ is low and Na+ is high |
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What is the function of sodium-potassium (Na+-K+) pumps? |
Use energy fromATP to actively move Na+ out of the neuron and K+into the neuron |
