Bio 100 Chapter 18 (Final)

Front 1

Ecology

Back 1

The study of interactions between organisms

Front 2

Biotic Factors

Back 2

All the components that make up the living part of an environment

Front 3

Abiotic Factors

Back 3

Factors that make up the non-living part of the environment

Front 4

Habitat

Back 4

The specific environment that an organism lives in it includes all biotic and abiotic factors

Front 5

Organismal ecology

Back 5

The adaptions that organisms must make to meet or overcome abiotic factors

Front 6

Population

Back 6

Group of individuals of the same species living together in a particular geographical area

Front 7

Community

Back 7

All organisms that inhabit a particular area

Front 8

Ecosystem

Back 8

Includes all the organisms plus all the abiotic factors that make up a certain area

Front 9

Biosphere

Back 9

The global sum of all the planets ecosystem

Front 10

Energy Source (Abiotic factor)

Back 10

Sunlight is very important, heat is another important quality needed for life, bacteria that derive energy from oxidization of inorganic material.

Front 11

List of Abiotic factors affecting growth

Back 11

Temperature, Water, Inorganic materials (phosphorous and nitrogen), fast moving water has more oxygen than stagnant water and wind and other natural weather patterns can affect ecosystems.

Front 12

Evolutionary adaptions (Physiological responses)

Back 12

Acclimation (getting used to a new environment). Blood vessels constrict which slows the loss of heat or a bird fluffing it's feathers to keep heat in.

Front 13

Evolutionary adaptions (Anatomical responses)

Back 13

Irreversible changes to our physiology. Environment affecting physical maturation of a species or their height/body size.

Front 14

Evolutionary adaptions (Behavioral responses)

Back 14

Environment causing you to move to a new area or migrating underground during daytime/nighttime to avoid heat or predators.

Front 15

Biome

Back 15

Is a major terrestrial or aquatic bio zone characterized by specific vegetation or movement

Front 16

Lakes and Ponds

Back 16

Freshwater biomes that feature 3 zones the photic, aphotic and benthic realm

Front 17

Photic Zone

Back 17

The zone where light is still available for organisms

Front 18

Aphotic Zone

Back 18

Areas where light is too low to support photosynthesis

Front 19

Benthic Realm

Back 19

At the bottom of the lake/pond. Is made up of sand and other organic or inorganic material

Front 20

Phytoplankton

Back 20

The collective name for algea and other cyanobacteria that floats near the top of the lake or pond

Front 21

River/Stream

Back 21

Body of moving water, they support different organisms than lakes and ponds. Cold and narrow at the top while usually warmer and wider downstream

Front 22

Wetland

Back 22

A transitional biome between an aquatic and a terrestrial area. Usually partially or permanently covered by water

Front 23

Marine Biomes

Back 23

Oceans, Coral reafs etc.....

Front 24

Interdial Zone

Back 24

Zone that is covered during high tide and uncovered during low tide

Front 25

Continental shelf

Back 25

Shallow part of the ocean near the beginning

Front 26

Pelagic Region

Back 26

Open water of the ocean

Front 27

Zoolplankton

Back 27

Free floating organisms including microscopic ones (fish, bactirea, etc...)

Front 28

Coral reef

Back 28

Found in warm tropic waters in photic zones, it's the result of many years of coral build up

Front 29

Estuary

Back 29

The transitional area between a river and an ocean (salt levels range from very salty to almost fresh water).

Front 30

What affects bio diversity?

Back 30

Climate specifically the sun that warms everything. The different angles it hits the earth at create zones

Front 31

Tropics

Back 31

The area between 30S and 30N (cancer and capricorn) that many of the rainforests are centered around. They're very hot and humid. Descending dry air absorbs moisture and pushes it back towards the tropic zones

Front 32

Temperate zones

Back 32

Areas that are between 30S and 30N and the north/south pole respectively

Front 33

Mountains affects on Biomes

Back 33

1.) Temperatures drop the higher you go, giving rise to changes in the environment.

2.) Mountains can cause what's called a rain shadow, blocking precipitation from the coast to further inland.

Front 34

Tropical Rainforests

Back 34

High temperature and high in precipitation centered around the equator. High canopies block out light so not many shrubs, usually vines and other plants need to grow on existing branches and trees to get to sunlight.

Front 35

Savanna

Back 35

High temperatures, low precipitation and high chance of fire. Large grazers and their predators inhabit savannas (lions/zebra), not much vegetation usually only grows when there's rain. Located south of the tropics.

Front 36

Desert

Back 36

High temperatures and low precipitation. Driest of all biomes, vegetation is limited to water storing plants like cactus.

Front 37

Chapparal