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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List the stresses present in a building or bridge. |
Compressive and tensile
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What is the formula for tensile strength? |
f=P/A; P=force; A=area
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Define deformation. |
Change of length in a member caused by tensile or compressive strength
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Define strain as a formula. |
Strain = relative change in length
ɛ = change of length (δ)/orig length (L) |
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List characteristics of ductile materials. |
-Materials with large deformations at failure
-Ultimate strain ≥ 0.5% -Steel (equal strength in tension & compression) -Warning before failure |
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List characteristics of brittle materials. |
-Materials with little or no deformation at failure
-Ultimate strain ≤ 0.5% -Brick, stone and glass -No visual warning before failure |
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List characteristics of malleable materials. |
-Materials that can be shaped by hammering, forging, pressing and rolling
-Not always ductile |
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Material which when deformed under load, recovers its original shape when the load is removed |
Elastic material
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Material that does not recover its original shape when the load is removed after it has deformed |
Plastic (Inelastic Material)
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Materials that are elastic up to a particular yield stress value, and plastic thereafter like steel or aluminum. |
Elastic-plastic materials
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How do you determine elasticity? |
Stress/strain = E
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Bending strength is a combination of ___. |
Tension and compression
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Where is the location of the neutral axis? |
In the middle of the beam, separates the upper and lower portion
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___ in a reinforced concrete beam are used to increase the beam’s shear strength. |
Steel stirrups
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___ prevents local crushing. |
Bearing plates
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___ and ___ are intended to perform better than intended rating for safety. |
Safety margin and factor of safety
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