Bcn1210 Test 3 Review - Wood – Ch 15

Front 1

____ is the dominant system for contemporary residential and light commercial construction in the US.

Back 1

Wood light frame (WLF)

Front 2

The WLF construction system has evolved over nearly two centuries and has adapted due to several ___ in buildings, such as insulation, electricity, piped water supply, and sewage disposal.

Back 2

technical innovations

Front 3

When the WLF system was invented to replace the heavy construction system, it was called the___.

Back 3

balloon frame

Front 4

The entire structural frame of a WLF building could be erected by a(an) ___.

Back 4

relatively unskilled crew of two or three people

Front 5

The total amount of wood consumed in a balloon frame building was ___ compared to the consumption of a traditionally built building of the same size.

Back 5

only a fraction

Front 6

Over time balloon frame led to___, in which the individual studs are only one story high.

Back 6

platform frame
** As longer studs became scarce and more expensive

Front 7

In the balloon frame, wall framing, floor framing, and roof framing are completed for the entire building ___ the structural floor (referred to as the___ or ___) is constructed.

Back 7

Before; subfloor or floor sheathing

Front 8

In the platform frame, the subfloor at the first floor level is completed ___ laying the floor joists at that level.

Back 8

soon after

Front 9

What is the difference between a sill plate and a sole plate?

Back 9

-Sill plate in contact with foundation (aka mud sill)
-Sole plate is connected to the wood subfloor, not the foundation

Front 10

Cross members connected to parallel members is known as a ___.

Back 10

Frame

Front 11

Most framing members in a WLF building are ___ members (the actual thickness is __).

Back 11

2-by; 1½ in

Front 12

What are the typical sizes of framing members?

Back 12

Walls – Generally, 2 x 4 or 2 x 6 members
Floor joists – 2 x 8, 2 x 10, or 2 x12 members
Rafters – 2 x 6, 2 x 8, or 2 x 10 members

Front 13

The center-to-center spacing of members is either __, __, __, or __ as determined by the loads.

Back 13

12 in., 16 in., 19.2 in., or 24 in.
*to fit 4x8 sheathing

Front 14

Sheathing is typically made up of what material(s)?

Back 14

Plywood, OSB, gypsum board panels

Front 15

____ comprises parallel, closely spaced studs with top and bottom plates functioning as cross members.

Back 15

Wall frame

Front 16

Name the components of a wall frame.

Back 16

1. Double top plate
2. stud
3. bottom plate (referred to as sill or sole plate)

Front 17

____ comprises parallel, closely spaced floor joists with rim joists at each end, functioning as cross members.

Back 17

Floor frame

Front 18

Name the components of a floor frame.

Back 18

1. rim joist aka band joist (on each side)
2. floor joist

Front 19

Two opposite rafters and connecting ceiling joist function as one member. Such closely space, parallel members are crossed by the ridge board and the top plate of the underlying wall to function as the ____.

Back 19

Roof frame

Front 20

Name the components of a roof frame.

Back 20

1. ridge board
2. rafter
3. ceiling joist
4. top plate (of the wall)

Front 21

If single top plate is used, floor joists (rafters) must ____.

Back 21

align with studs below

Front 22

Double top plate construction offers what advantage(s)?

Back 22

1. Structural continuity
2. Tension and compression resistance under wind and earthquake loads (using staggered joints and corners)

Front 23

Staggered joints are also required at ___ and ___.

Back 23

wall T-junctions and corners

Front 24

To provide continuity in a single top plate, the use of ___ is required.

Back 24

sheet metal connectors

Front 25

The foundations for a WLF building may consist of any one of the following three types:

Back 25

1. Concrete slab-on-grade.
2. Reinforced concrete (or concrete masonry) foundation walls. (With such a foundation, the ground floor consists of a wood frame floor with an underlying crawl space.)
3. Reinforced concrete basement walls. (The ground floor in this case is also a wood frame floor with a basement space below.)

Front 26

A sill plate must be made of ____ or ____. While a sole plate is made of ____.

Back 26

PT wood or decay-resistant species; untreated lumber

Front 27

What material is used between the sill plate and the foundation?

Back 27

Sill sealer

Front 28

If a stud is “pre-cut” at 8’, what is the actual pre-cut stud length?

Back 28

8’ = 8’ 1-1/8” / 1-1/2” / 3” = 92-5/8”
(Pre-cut=actual wall height – bottom plate – dbl top plate = actual stud length)

Front 29

If a stud is “pre-cut” at 9’, what is the actual pre-cut stud length?

Back 29

9’ = 9’ 1-1/8” / 1-1/2” / 3” = 104-5/8”
(Pre-cut=actual wall height – bottom plate – dbl top plate = actual stud length)

Front 30

If a stud is “pre-cut” at 10’, what is the actual pre-cut stud length?

Back 30

10’ = 10’ 1-1/8” / 1-1/2” / 3” = 116-5/8”
(Pre-cut=actual wall height – bottom plate – dbl top plate = actual stud length)

Front 31

What are the three commonly used means of providing intermediate lateral restraint in floor joists?

Back 31

1. full-depth blocking (staggered or in-line blocking)
2. diagonal bridging using 1x3 lumber
3. diagonal bridging using metal strips

Front 32

What are two ways of supporting a non-loading bearing wall on a wood floor when the wall is parallel to the joists?

Back 32

1. full-depth blocking at 16 in. OC to provide nailing elements
2. double joist

Front 33

The slop of a roof is not expressed in degrees, but instead ___.

Back 33

Rise-to-run ratio
*typical is 4/12 to 6/12

Front 34

What are some options for floor joists that rest on intermediate support?

Back 34

1. joists from opposite sides of wall connected by lapped joints
2. joists from opposite side of beam connected by lapped joints
3. butted joints from opposite sides of wall connected by scabs
4. joists from opposite side of beam connected by beam with joist hanger

Front 35

What the common roof types.

Back 35

-gable roof
-hip roof
-shed roof

Front 36

The roof framing of a typical WLF building consists of either ___ or ___ assemblies.

Back 36

trusses or rafter-and-ceiling joist assemblies

Front 37

What is the difference between a truss and rafter-and-ceiling joist assembly?

Back 37

-truss is a shop-fabricated, multi-triangle frame
rafter-and-ceiling-joist assembly is a site-fabricated, single-triangle frame

Front 38

The ridge board should extend to the ____ edge of the rafter or a little ____ the edge.

Back 38

Extend to bottom edge or a little below the edge

Front 39

A bird’s mouth that is cut into a rafter should not be less than ___ of the rafter depth.

Back 39

Not less than 1/4 rafter depth

Front 40

Name some ceiling joists support options.

Back 40

1. butted-joint with 2-by splice member
2. structural beam with joist hanger

Front 41

Name some methods to support the rafters.

Back 41

1. purlin and purlin braces
2. collar ties
3. ridge straps

Front 42

If the rafters are supported on a (structural) ridge beam, ceiling joists are ___ to absorb the lateral thrust. Such a roof system is called a ___ or ___ ceiling.

Back 42

not required; vaulted (or cathedral) ceiling