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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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most fatty acids have ______ # of carbons
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12 - 20
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Searate
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18 carbons, no double bonds, MP 70*C
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Palmitate
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16 carbons, no double bonds, MP 63*C
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Palmitoleate
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16 carbons, one double bond at 9, MP -0.5*C
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Oleate
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18 carbons, one double bond at 9, MP 13*C
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Arachidonate
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20 carbons, doubles at 5,8,11,14, MP -49*C
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fatty acids are important ________ and are stored as _______
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metabolic fuels
TG's (triaclyglycerols) |
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backbone for glycerophospholipids:
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glycerol 3-phosphate
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glycerophospholipids
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most abundant lipid in membranes
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sphingolipids:
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2nd most abundant lipid in membranes
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sphingosine:
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backbone for sphingolipids
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Sphingomyelin -
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Present in plasma membrane of most mammalian cells. Major component of myelin sheath
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steroids are classified as:
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isoprenoids
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__eicosanoids__:
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derivatives of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g. arachidonic acid) - mediate many potentially pathological responses
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__Prostaglandins___-
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eicosanoids having a cyclopentane ring and are made from arachidonic acid
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__waxes__–
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nonpolar esters of long-chain fatty acids and long-chain monohydroxylic alcohols
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Lipid vitamins:
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(A,D,E, and K) are isoprenoid derivatives
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membrane %'s by mass
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50-70% protein
20-25% lipid bilayer |
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membranes contain:
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cholesterol
glycosphingolipids phospholipids |
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factors that decrease transition temp. Tm
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Decrease in fatty acid chain length
Greater content of unsaturated fatty acids Greater complexity of membrane constituents |
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3 classes of membrane proteins
(in-it, on-it, around-it) |
integral membrane proteins
peripheral membrane proteins lipid anchored membrane proteins |
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perfect thing to pass across a membrane?
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small and with no charge, and hydrophobic molecules
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glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored protein (how to pick out in diagram)
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rings for days
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3 types of integral membrane transporter proteins:
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-channels and pores
-active transporters -passive transporters |
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Passive transport: facilitated diffusion
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facilitated diffusion
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uniport (passive)
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only carries single type of solute
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symport - b
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carries two types of solute in the same direction
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symport - c
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carries two types of solute in opposite directions
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Primary active transport :
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is powered by a direct source of energy as ATP, light or electron transport
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Secondary active transport:
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is driven by an ion concentration gradient
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example of secondary active transport
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Na-K ATPase
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example of primary active transport
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P-glycoprotein
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vesicles for exocytosis bud from the ____.
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golgi apparatus
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4 players in extracellular signals
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stimulus > membrane receptor > transducer > effector enzyme
(the effector then produces a second messenger) |
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"Tyrosine Kinases"
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they dimerize in the membrane when the a ligand binds to each receptor. They then phosphorylate each other
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