Bbc Compendium 8.0-8.1 Renal And Glomerular Disease

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Renal disease

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includes disease of the glomerulus, tubules, and renal parenchyma

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nephritic syndrome

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acute onset and rapid progression
due to the inflammation of the glomerulus, and is associated with diffuse inflammatory changes of the glomerulus
all features are a result of inflammation of the glomerulus and a resulting decreased or absent filtering function of the glomerulus

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examples of nephritic syndrome

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post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Good pastures syndrome
diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis

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Nephrotic syndrome

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prolonged onset, with severe prolonged increase in glomerular permeability to proteins
due to changes in glomerular permeability (loss of size and charge selectivity); structural changes occur such that glomerulus no longer adequately limits filtration of proteins
all features are a result of massive protein loss through the kidney

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Signs and symptoms of nephrotic syndrome

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severe proteinuria
frothy urine (due to proteins in urine)
hypoalbuminemia
hyperlipidemia
edema (secondary to decreased oncotic pressure resulting from the loss of albumin

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examples of nephrotic syndrome

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minimal change disease
membranous gn

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signs and symptoms of nephritic syndrome

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hematuria, red cell casts, hypertension, edema, increased BUN and creatinine- representing azotemia (accumulation of nitrogenous compounds in blood)