Bb Neuroanatomy Lab 8

Front 1

Location and function of basal ganglia

Back 1

- deep within the cerebral hemispheres
- gray matter
- parallel circuits bw cerebral cortex <-> basal ganglia <-> thalamus
- involved in modulation of voluntary motor activity

Front 2

Location of caudate nucleus

Back 2

- head in the floor of the ant horn of the lat ventricles
- body in the lateral ventrical
- tail in the roof of the inferior horn of the lat ventricle

Front 3

Location of putamen

Back 3

lies underneat the insula, extensive connections with the caudate nucleus

Front 4

Location of nucleus accumbens

Back 4

anterior part of the putamen and ventral part of the head of the caudate are fused and form nucleus accumbens

Front 5

Nucleus accumbens is rich in which type of neuron

Back 5

dopaminergic

Front 6

Location of globus pallidus

Back 6

medial to putamen, can be divided into an external (GPe) and internal (GPi) part

Front 7

Location of subthalamic nuclei

Back 7

bw thalamus and tegmentum of midbrain, caudal to hypothalamus

Front 8

Location of substantia nigra

Back 8

in midbrain, dorsal to crus cerebri

Front 9

Paths connecting striatum to substantia nigra

Back 9

striatonigral tracts
nigrostriatal tracts

Front 10

Paths connecting globus pallidus and subthalamic nuclei (GPe STN; STN GPe)

Back 10

subthalamic fasciculus

Front 11

Paths connecting globus pallidus and thalamus (VA, VL)

Back 11

lenticular fasciculus
ansa lenticularis

==> join to form thalamic fasciculus

Front 12

Deep branches of ACA, MCA, PCA, and internal carotid

Back 12

ACA: deep penetrating branches
MCA: lenticulostriate a.
PCA: Deep penetrating branches
IC: anterior choroidal a.

Front 13

Blood supply to caudate head, body and tail

Back 13

Head :ACA

Body: *MCA and PCA

Tail: IC and PCA

Front 14

Blood supply to Putamen anterior and posterior

Back 14

anterior: ACA and MCA

posterior: IC and MCA

Front 15

Blood supply to Globus pallidus anterior and posterior

Back 15

anterior: IC and MCA

posterior: MCA

Front 16

Blood supply to subthalamic nucleus

Back 16

PCA

Front 17

Blood supply to substantia nigra

Back 17

PCA

Front 18

Where is the vermis?

Back 18

- midline area of cerebellum
- clearly marked on inferior surface
- nodule = most anerterior part of vermis

Front 19

Where is the flocculus?

Back 19

- found in a groove bw the superior and inferior surfaces of the cerebellum

Front 20

Where is the cerebellar tonsil

Back 20

- on the tonsilar surface
- prominant bulge on hemisphere, adjacent to vermis

Front 21

Where are the cerebellar folia

Back 21

transverse folds, separated by sulci

Front 22

What are the cerebellar lobes?

Back 22

- flocculonodular
- anterior: rostral to primary fissure
- posterior: remainder of the cerebellum

Front 23

What are the deep cerebellar nuclei

Back 23

- fastigial
- globose and emboiform
- dentate

Front 24

Fibers carried in inferior cerebellar peduncles

Back 24

- afferent fibers from:
spinal cord (spinocerebellar, cuneocerebellar)
inferior olive
vestibular nuclei ( 2 wau traffic)

travelling to cerebellum

Front 25

Which is the largest of the three cerebellar peduncles

Back 25

middle
also most lateral

Front 26

FIbers carried in the middle cerebellar peduncle

Back 26

pontocerebellar fibers ( originating in CONTRAlateral pontine nuclei)

Front 27

Fibers carried in superior cerebellar peduncle

Back 27

primarily efferent
deep cerebellar nuclei --> contralateral brainstem (red nucleus)
thalamus (VL, VA) - dentatorubrothalamic tract

Front 28

SCA supplies which areas of cerebellum

Back 28

anterior lobe
superior 1/3 of posterior lobe
vermis
all deep nuclei

Front 29

AICA supplies which areas of cerebellum

Back 29

all cerebellar peduncles
some posterior lobe
flocculus, nodulus
assists with deep nuclei

Front 30

PICA supplies which areas of cerebellum

Back 30

inferior 2/3 of posterior lobe
tonsils
nodulus, variable
inferior vermis

Front 31

Vesticulospinal tracts involved in..

Back 31

postural changes to compensate for body and head movements

Front 32

Lateral vestibulospinal tract: path and function

Back 32

- anterolateral white columns in SC
- tract terminates in interneurons (in anterior gray horn of spinal cord at all levels)
- facilitates extensors

Front 33

Medial vestibulospinal tract: path and function

Back 33

(descending medial longitudinal fasciculus)
- anterior white columns of SN
- terminates in interneurons in anterior gray horn, primarily in cervical and thoracic levels of SC
- influences neck and axial muscles

Front 34

Reticulospinal tracts involved in

Back 34

voluntary movement and muscle tone

Front 35

Location of reticulospinal tract

Back 35

White columns:
- lateral (medullary reticulospinal)
- anterior (pontine reticulospinal)

Front 36

Where to reticulospinal tracts terminate + influences on next neuron

Back 36

on interneurons in anterior gray horn of SC.
- influence gamma motor neurons

Front 37

Reticulospinal tract : excitatory or inhibitory?

Back 37

- inhibitory input from pons
- excitatory input from medulla

Front 38

Rubrospinal tract influence

Back 38

facilitates flexor and inhibit extensor muscle activity

Front 39

Red nucleus recieves input from

Back 39

- cerebral cortex
- cerebellum

Front 40

Output from red nuclue via

Back 40

rubroprinal tract

Front 41

Rubrospinal tract pathway

Back 41

red nucleus --> lateral white columns ( near CST) ---> terminates on interneurons in ant. gray horn of SC