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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do storage devices do? |
They are hardware components that retain dataor information for future use. |
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What do application programs handle? |
Applications are programs created to handle aspecific task, solve a specific problem, or address a specific need. |
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What can an intranet do? |
If you want to protect certain information on a website you create anintranet in which access is restricted to authorized users only. Within anintranet, network administrators can limit the specific rights and privilegesof different users |
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What is the advantage of using a software suite? |
It groups software together and because theprograms are from the same organization and have the same basic design andlayout it is easier to become familiar with the interfaces and thus easier toswitch between programs in a suite. |
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What are the functions of the information processing cycle? |
Input-when the computer gathers data or enables a user to enter data,process is when data is manipulated and converted into information, output iswhen information is displayed or shown to the user that is understandable, andstorage is when the data or information is stored for future use. |
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What is unsolicited email called?
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Spam |
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What is a network that covers a large geographic area? |
WAN- a state college campus that connects its computers with a LAN while all of its campuses connected together form a WAN. |
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Can a Macintosh computer run Windows applications? |
Yes, there is a software available to enable a mac to run windows applications- Microsoft’s virtual PC for Apple’s boot camp |
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What are examples of peripherals? |
Its items such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and printer or any hardware connected through your network; it’s because they attach to the computer or accessed from the computer and are controlled by the computer. |
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What is information (as opposed to data)? |
Data that has been processed so that it can be presented in an organized and meaningful way. Data is the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle and information is the finished puzzle. |
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What does the ALU do? |
Performs the arithmetic and logic functions for the computer. The ALU handles addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and also makes logical and comparison decisions. This enables the CPU to perform tasks such as sorting data alphabetically or numerically and filtering data to locate specific criteria. |
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What is a network that covers a small geographic area? |
LAN- a network that connects computers reasonably close together, like within a few city blocks in adjacent buildings. |
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What is a large, ultra-fast computer that performs specialized tasks? |
Supercomputers; sometimes used for research, processing intensive scientific calculations and multiscale simulations. |
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What is an example of an open-source operating system? |
Linux- a system which is not owned by a single company and some versions are available at no cost. |
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What are some examples of input devices? |
Keyboard, mouse, microphone |
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What are some examples of output devices? |
Monitor and printer |
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What is a malicious code that invades your computer? |
Viruses |
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What is a parking station? |
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What is a motherboard? |
A large printed circuit board to which all the other components are connected. |
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What are the two main parts of the CPU? |
Control unit and arithmetic logic unit |
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What does the term PC apply to? |
The term PC applies to any personal computer based on an Intel micro processor or on an Intel compatible micro processor. |
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What functions are performed by application software? |
programs created for a specific task or specific need; most familiar are utility programs like word processing, spreadsheets, database, etc. |
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How is a tablet different than a personal computer? |
It’s portable and features a screen that can be touched or written on by using advanced handwriting recognition |
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What are mainframes? |
Mainframes can store vast amounts of data by using a variety of storage. |
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Define computer. |
A programmable electronic device that can input, process, output, and store data |
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What are the 4 basic computer functions? |
input, process, output, storage |
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What is a microcomputer? |
name comes from its component the microchip or microprocessor; computer that most people are familiar with, examples are desktop, notebook, tablet, mobile devices |
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What is a system unit? |
the tower, box, console that contains critical hardware and electrical components of a computer |
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What is ROM? |
memory that is permanent and nonvolatile |
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What is RAM?
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memory that is temporary and volatile
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Data is stored in one of three forms: |
magnetic, optical, and flash |
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What is system software? |
operating system and utility programs |
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What is a node? |
each object connected to a network
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What is a network? |
consists of two or more connected computers plus peripheral devices; allows users to share data software, and resources |
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What is LAN? |
network that connects computers reasonably close together
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What is WAN? |
network that covers geographic area or begins to include other networks |
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What is peer-to-peer? |
most common in home and business computers; each node communicates with every other node withouta dedicated server among computers |
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What is client/server? |
typically have two different types of computers; The client: used by an individual; The server: used by network technicians and administrators to manage network resources |
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What are some cases of computer maintenance? |
Backup utilities; Disc cleanup; Disk defragmenter; Task scheduler; System restore |
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What is a virus? |
malicious code or software; invade a computer to destroy or alter data |
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What are worms? |
malicious programs that spread from computer to computer; replicate themselves |
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What is a Trojan horse? |
appear as desirable software but is allows intruders such as botnets; do not replicate themselves |
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What are botnets? |
software robots that run automatically in networks |
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What is spyware? |
captures info on a computer; usually not intended to be harmful (adware, cookies, etc) |
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How can you protect yourself and your computers? |
software updates and patches; antivirus software; antispyware software |
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What are personal firewalls? |
software or hardware devices that can make you invisible to hackers |
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What is a zombie (or DoS)? |
A remotely controlled computer used to spreadviruses, spyware, or spam |
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What are servers? |
computers that manage network resources through admin software |
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What are network servers?
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mainframe computers; manage users through multitasking |
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What are supercomputers? |
large, powerful, and ultrafast computers; used for processing scientific calculations and multiscale dimensions
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What are embedded computers? |
Computers put into larger components like cars |
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What is hardware? |
a computer and any connected equipment |
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What are input devices? |
used to enter data into memory (RAM); mouse and keyboard |
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What is a central processing unit (CPU)? |
brain of the computer; executes programs and manipulates data |
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What is memory? |
measured in bytes; ROM and RAM; term that signifies storage |
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What are output devices? |
displays info after it has been processed in a useful format; monitors and printers |
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What are storage devices? |
store data, information, and programs for future use; hard disk, floppy disk, CD, DVD
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What are ports? |
connectors between peripheral devices and the computer; enables data to be exchanged; can be different sizes and shapes; USB port |
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What is an operating system? |
manages hardware components; controls the way the computer works from the time it is on to when it is shut off; Windows, Linux, Mac |
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What is graphical user interface (GUI)? |
icons, menus, dialog boxes, windows; make selections from on the screen objects |
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What are utility programs? |
small applications that handle important tasks involved with computer management and maintenance; used to backup files and remove unwanted programs |
