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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4. phenotypic char of bac
1. biotyping 2. serotyping 3. antibiogram patterns 4. phage typing |
1. biochem test: -ases
2. antigens 3. antibiotic susceptibility 4. bacteriophage |
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4. analytical char:
Fatty acids lipids protein enzyme |
1. cell wall F.A.
2. whole cell lipid 3. whole cell protein 4. enzyme |
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4. genotypic
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1. guanine, cytosine
2. DNA hybridization 3. nucl acid seq (plasmid, rib) 4. chrom DNA fragment |
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steps to classify bac
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1. staining
2. shape 3. respiration 4. shape/repro (spore) |
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gram stain
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1. crystal violet
2. iodine: precip, trapped in peptidoglycan 3. decolorizer: disperses neg outer membr, washes from thin peptidoglycan layer 4. safranin red: counterstain |
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capsule
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outside cell wall and membr
-gram pos or neg -loose polysac or protein layer -"slime layer" if loose and nonuniform in density or thickness -"glycocalyx" capsule and slime layer -barrier to detergents -adherence |
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biofilm
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polysac film est community and protects from antibiotics and host defenses
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pili vs. flag
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pilin, adhesin
flagellin motor proteins |
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gram pos cell wall
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1. peptidoglycan
-GlcNAc and MurNAc cross-linked by peptide bridge 2. teichoic acid -phosphate cross-linked to peptidoglycan 3. lipoteichoic acid -linked to lipid |
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gram neg cell wall
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1. peptidoglycan: thinner
2. periplasmic space -enzymes: transport, degrad, synth 3. outer membrane -phospholipids w/sat F.A. 4. lipopolysac: LPS -Lipid A: endotoxin -core polysac:same for species -O antigen: disting serotypes (strains) |
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sporulation: gram pos or neg
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sometimes pos
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resistant to lysozyme: gram pos or neg
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neg
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precursor of peptidoglycan
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pentapeptide attached to NurNAc
-term d-alanine-d-alanine unit for cross-linking -susc to B-lactam and vancomysin |
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3 steps of peptidoglycan synth
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1. units made and activ in cell
2. put onto undecaprenol phosphate conveyor belt at membrane, fabrication completed 3. translocated outside cell, attached to polysac chain, cross-linked (transpeptidation: peptide bond produced inside cell traded for outside w/release of d-alanine |
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how DNA gets pulled into daughter cells
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attaches to membr
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