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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The ways animals are adapted to their environment: |
Anatomical: physical features Behavioural: Inherited or learned Physiological: General functions such as temperature regulation. |
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Explain how adaptations to cold environments help organisms survive: |
1. Anatomical methods of reducing heat loss, including insulation and surface area. 2. Behavioural methods such as migration and hibernation. |
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Explain how adaptations to hot environments help organism survive: |
1. Behavioural and anatomical methods of increasing heat loss. 2. Behavioural methods pf reducing heat gain. |
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1. A small surface area: volume = 2. A large surface area:volume= |
1. To reduce heat loss 2. To increase heat loss |
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Explain how counter-current exchange systems minimises heat loss... |
Warm blood entering the tail, flippers or feet flows past the cold blood returning to the rest of the body. |
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Define specialists... |
Organsims which are well suited to only certain habitats. |
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Define generalists... |
Organisms which can live in a range of habitats but can be easily out-competed. |
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How polar bears are well adapted to cold environments: |
Anatomical methods: - A small surface area: volume to decrease heat loss. - A thick layer of fat to insulate against the cold. Physiological: - They have a high-fat diet and have adaptations that allow them to process this food. -Thick layer of body fat/blubber.
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How camels are adapted to cold environments: |
Anatomical methods: -Large feet to spread their weight on the sand -Thick fur on top of their body for shade, but thin elsewhere around their body to allow heat loss. - Tolerance to body temperatures up to 42°C - Lose little water through urinating and sweating |
