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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define digestion
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the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into a useable form that the body can use for energy & growth
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ICPM
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Incisors
Canines Premolars Molars |
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what is the dental formula
(fraction) |
Numerator # of teeth in the upper jaw
Denominator # of teeth in the lower jaw |
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Horses dental formula
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3/3
1/1 3 or 4/3 3/3 |
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cows dental formula
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0/4
0/0 3/3 3/3 |
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characteristics of monogastrics
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simple
C-shaped smaller in size function: short term storage |
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characteristics of ruminants
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an animal that digests its food in 2 steps
complex stomach (4chambers) are foregut fermenters |
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what are the 4 chambers of the ruminants' stomach
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Rumen
Reticulum Omasum Abomasum |
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purpose of microbes
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to break down complex carbohydrates
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microbes produce...
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VFA volatile fatty acids which are a primary source of energy
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what is the pH of the ruminant stomach
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6-7
drops below 5.5 its a problem |
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list 3 volitale fatty acids
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acetate
propionate butyrate |
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characteristics of the omasum
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lining has many folds called “manyplies”
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characteristics of the reticulum
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lining similar to honeycomb
an area for fermentation |
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characteristics of the abomasum
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true stomach
digestion of microbes found on right side of body |
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what is the esophageal groove
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when young ruminants function more like monogastrics because they dont digest their mothers milk in 2 steps
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gall bladder
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site of bile storage
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what are the 2 functions of the pancreas
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Endocrine - secretion of
pancreatic juices & digestive enzymes Exocrine - hormone production |
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what are the 3 parts of the small intestine
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Duodenum
Jejunum (longest segment) Lleum |
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function of the cecum
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site of fermentation in monogastrics
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