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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bethanechol MOA |
Activates bowel and bladder smoothmuscle; resistant to AChE. "Bethany, call(bethanechol) me, maybe, if you want toactivate your bowels and bladder |
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CarbacholMOA |
Carbon copy of acetylcholine |
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PilocarpineMOA |
Contracts ciliary muscle of eye (open-angleglaucoma), pupillary sphincter (closed-angleglaucoma); resistant to AChE. "You cry, drool,and sweat on your 'pilow.' |
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MethacholineMOA |
Stimulates muscarinic receptors in airway wheninhaled. |
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Neostigmine MOA |
t endogenous ACh.Neo CNS =No CNS penetration. |
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PyridostigmineMOA |
t endogenous ACh; t strength. Pyridostigminegets rid of myasthenia gravis. |
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EdrophoniumMOA |
t endogenous ACh. |
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PhysostigmineMOA |
t endogenous ACh. Physostigmine "phyxes"atropine overdose. |
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DonepezilMOA |
t endogenous ACh. |
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organophosphate poisoning (e.g. from insecticides) |
Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis,Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitationof skeletal muscle and CNS, Lacrimation,Sweating, and Salivation. |
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antidote for organophosphate poisoning |
Antidote - atropine+ pralicloxime |
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what is atropine + pralicloxime an antidote for? |
organophophate poisoning |
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Bethanechol Uses |
Postoperative ileus, neurogenic ileus, andurinary retention |
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Carbachol use |
Glaucoma, pupillary contraction, and relief ofintraocular pressure |
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Pilocarpine clinical application |
Potent stimulator of sweat, tears, and salivaOpen-angle and closed-angle glaucoma |
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Methacholine use |
Challenge test for diagnosis of asthma |
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Neostigmine use |
Postoperative and neurogenic ileus andurinary retention, myasthenia gravis,reversal of neuromuscular junction blockade(postoperative) |
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Pyridostigmine use |
Myasthenia gravis (long acting); does notpenetrate CNS |
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Edrophonium use |
Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (extremely shortacting) |
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Physostigmine use |
Anticholinergic toxicity (crosses blood-brainbarrier -> CNS) |
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Donepezil use |
Alzheimer's disease |
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Atropine, homatropine, tropicamide, cyclopentolate |
musc. antag Eye Produce mydriasis (dilated pupil) and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle therefore long sighted) |
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Benztropine |
musc. antag CNS Parkinson's disease- "Park my Benz" |
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Scopolamine |
musc. antag CNS Motion sickness |
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lpratropium, tiotropium |
musc. antag Respiratory COPD, asthma ("' pray I can breathe soon!") |
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Oxybutynin |
musc. antag Genitourinary Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reducebladder spasms |
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Glycopyrrolate |
musc. antag, Gastrointestinal, respiratory Parenteral: preoperative use to reduce airwaysecretions Oral: drooling, peptic ulcer |
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Side effects of Atropine |
inc. body temperature (due to dec. sweating);rapid pulse; dry mouth; dry, flushed skin;cycloplegia; constipation; disorientation. Can cause acute angle-closure glaucoma inelderly (clue to mydriasis), urinary retentionin men with prostatic hyperplasia, andhyperthermia in infants. |
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Epinephrine rec. activity |
A1, A2, B1, B2 |
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Norepinephrinerec. activity |
A1, A2, B1 |
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Norepinephrine applications |
Hypotension (but dec. renal perfusion) |
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Isoproterenolrec. activity |
B1, B2 |
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Isoproterenolapplications |
Torsacle de pointes (tachycardia decreases QTinterval), braclyarrhythmias (but can worsenischemia) |
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Dopaminerec. activity |
A1, A2 (high dose), B1, B2 (med dose), D1 (low dose) |
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Dopamineapplications |
Shock (renal perfusion), heart failure; inotropic and chronotropic |
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Dobutaminerec. activity |
Mostly: B1, Small effect: A1, A2, B2 |
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Dobutamineapplications |
Heart failure, cardiac stress testing; inotropicand chronotropic |
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Phenylephrinerec. activity |
A1, A2 |
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Phenylephrineapplications |
Hypotension (vasoconstrictor), ocularprocedures (mydriatic), rhinitis (decongestant |
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Albuterol, salmeterol, terbutalinerec. activity |
Mostly B2, some effect on B1 |
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Albuterol, salmeterol, terbutalineapplications |
Metaproterenol and albuterol for acute asthma; salmeterol for long-term asthma or COPDcontrol; terbutaline to reduce prematureuterine contractions |
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Ritodrinerec. activity |
B2 |
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Ritodrineapplications |
Reduces premature uterine contractions |
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Epinephrineapplications |
Anaphylaxis, glaucoma (open angle), asthma,hypotension |
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Amphetamine Application |
Narcolepsy, obesity, attention deficit disorder |
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Amphetamine sympathetic rec. activity |
Indirect general agonist, releases stored catecholamines |
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EphedrineApplication |
Nasal decongestion, urinary incontinence, hypotension |
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Ephedrinesympathetic rec. activity |
Indirect general agonist, releases stored catecholamines |
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CocaineApplication |
Causes vasoconstriction and local anesthesia;never give B-blockers if cocaine intoxication issuspected (can lead to unopposed a1 activationand extreme hypertension |
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Cocainesympathetic rec. activity |
Indirect general agonist, reuptake inhibitor |
