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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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SA node
sympathetic parasympathetic |
B1 increase heart rate
Decrease heart rate |
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Atria
sympathetic parasympathetic |
B1 increase contractility/conduction
Decrease contractile force |
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AV node
sympathetic parasympathetic |
B1 increase automaticity/conduction
Decrease conduction AV block |
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His-Purkinje system
sympathetic parasympathetic |
B1 increase automaticity/conduction velocity
No effect |
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Ventricles
sympathetic parasympathetic |
B1 increase contractile force/conduction velocity, irritability
Decrease contractile force |
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Coronary blood vessels
sympathetic parasympathetic |
A1 - constriction, B2 - dilation
Dilation/constriction |
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Cutaneous, mucosal blood vessels
sympathetic parasympathetic |
A1 constriction
Dilation |
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Cerebral blood vessels
sympathetic parasympathetic |
A1 constriction, B2 dilation
Dilation |
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Skeletal muscle blood vessels
sympathetic parasympathetic |
A1 constriction, B2 dilation
Dilation |
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Splanchnic Blood vessels
sympathetic parasympathetic |
A1 constriction B2 dilation
Dilation |
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Renal blood vessels
sympathetic parasympathetic |
A1 constriction, B2 dilation
Dilation |
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Genital blood vessels
sympathetic parasympathetic |
A1 constriction
Dilation |
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Veins
sympathetic parasympathetic |
A1 constriction
No effect |
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Endothelium
sympathetic parasympathetic |
A2 dilation
No effect |
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GI tract sympathetic/parasympathetic
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General inhibition
General excitation |
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GI tract smooth muscle
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
B1 relaxation, A relaxation
Increase motility and tone |
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GI tract sphincters
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
A contraction
relaxation |
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GI tract secretions
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
Decrease (usually)
Increase |
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GI tract Gall bladder and ducts
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Relaxation
Contraction |
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Bronchioles smooth muscle
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
B2 relaxation
Contraction |
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Bronchioles glands
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
inhibition
stimulation |
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Eye Radial muscle, iris
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
A1 contraction mydriasis
No effect |
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Eye Sphincter muscle, iris
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
No effect
Contraction (miosis) |
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Eye ciliary muscle
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
B relaxation, far vision
Contraction near vision |
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Urinary bladder
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
Urinary retention
Urination |
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Urinary bladder fundus
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B1 relaxation
Contraction |
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Urinary bladder Trigone, sphincter
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
a - contraction
Relaxation |
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Sweat glands sympathetic/parasympathetic
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Secretion Cholinergic/Horse B2
None |
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Salivary gland sympathetic/parasympathetic
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A1 scant, viscous secretion
Profuse watery secretion |
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Kidney renin release
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
A2 decrease, B1 increase
None |
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Uterus
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
A1 contraction, B relax
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Adrenal medulla sympathetic/parasympathetic
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secretion epi>>norepi>>
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Liver sympathetic/parasympathetic
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B2 glycogenolysis/gluconeogeneis
None |
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Pancreas islet cells
sympathetic/parasympathetic |
A2 decrease secretion
B2 increase secretion None |
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Pancreas Acini sympathetic/parasympathetic
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A decrease secretion
Increase secretion |
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Fat cells sympathetic/parasympathetic
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B1 lypolysis
No effect |
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Adrenergic nerve terminals sympathetic/parasympathetic
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A2 decrease release of norepinephrine
B2 increase release of norepinephrine |
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Platelets
sympathetic/parpsympathetic |
A2 aggregation
None |
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An increase in tissue concentration of cAMP is associated with what receptor
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B
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A decrease in cAMP seems to be mediated by what receptors
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A2
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IP3 intracellular pathway is related to what pathway
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A1 receptor
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Norepinephrine is made from
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Tyrosin, to dopa, to dopamine, to norepinephrine
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Norepinephrine binds what receptor on preganglionic cell to increase the release of Norepinephrine
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B to increase the release of Norepinephrine
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Norepinephrine bind what receptor on preganglion cell to decrease the release of Norepinephrine
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A2 to decrease the release of Norepinephrine
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What enzyme metabolizes norepinephrine?
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Catecholomethyltransferase
COMT |
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What is the presynaptic NT?
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Acetylcholine
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A receptors are mainly located where?
Response? Potency of agonists? |
Blood vessels
Vasoconstriction Epi>Noreip> isoproteronol |
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B1 receptors are mainly located in the ?
Response? Potency |
Heart
Positive inotropic and chronotropic Isoproterenol>epi>noreip |
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B2 receptors are mainly located in the ?
Response? Potency? |
Blood vessles
vosdilation isoproterenol>epi>norepi |
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Non-selective Adrenergic Agonists
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Epinephrine
Phenylpropanolamine |
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Adrenergic Alpha agonist
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phenylephrine
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Dopamine acts at what receptors
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Mostly B1, but A1 at high doses
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Adrenergic Beta agonist
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Isoproteronol
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Adrenergic B2 selective
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Albuterol>>Clenbuterol
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A2 effector responses
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Vasodilation of BV, Decrease renin release, decrease pancreatic islet secretions, decrease NE release, decrease platelet aggregation
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A1 effector organ responses
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Vasoconstriction, mydriasis, scant viscous saliva, contraction of uterus
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B1 effector organ responses
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Increase HR/Contractility, relax GI smooth muscle, brain, kidney, heart, bronchodilation, relax splenic capsule, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, increase NE release
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B2 effector organ responses
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Vasodilation to smooth muscle, brain kidney, heart, bronchodilation, relax splenic capsule, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, increase NE release
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Mechanism of Adrenergic Antagonists
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Inhibit action sof agonists at adrenergic receptors
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Adrenergic Antagonist that works at A and B
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Carvedilol
counteracts dobutamine |
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Adrenergic antagonist at Alpha
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Phenoxybenzamine
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Adrenergic Antagonists
Beta selective |
Propranolol
Timolol |
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Adrenergic Antagonists Beta 1 Selective
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Atenolol
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Epinephrine
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Non-selective agonist
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Phenylporpanolamine
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Nonselective agonist
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Dopamine
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Alpha 1, Beta 1 and dopamine agonist
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Dobutamine
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Alpha1 , beta1>beta 2 agonist
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Phenylephrine
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Alpha 1 agonist
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Isoproteronol
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Beta selective 1 and 2
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Albuterol
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Beta 2 selective
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Clenbuterol
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Beta 2 selective - not in food animals
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To have vasoconstriction, and mydriasis use what drug
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Phenylephrine
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To produce scant saliva use what drug
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Phenylephrine
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To produce contraction of the uterus use what drug
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Phenylephrine
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To cause vasodilation of blood vessels via endothelium use what drugs
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Epinephrine, phenylpropanolamine
Dopamine,Dobutamine but not isoproteronol, phenylephrine, or albuterol |
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To increase renin release and lipolysis use drugs
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Dobutamine, Isoproteronol, Dopamine, Epinephrine and phenylpropanolamine, but not Phenylephrine, Albuterol or Clenbuterol
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To increase glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis and relax splenic capsule use what drugs
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Isoproteronol
Albuterol, Clenbuterol, and phenylpropanolamine |
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To increase NE release and relax the splenic capsule use
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albuterol, clenbuterol, isoproteronol and epi and phenylpropanolamine
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To block the adrenergic agonist that causes mydriasis ______ use
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Phenoxybenzamine
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To block a B1 agonist use
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Atenolol, - selective
Propanolol and Timolol - non selective |
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To block a non-selective Adrenergic agonist use
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Carvedilol
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Direct cholinergic agonist work by
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binding to receptor and illiciting an action
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Indirect cholinergic agonists work by
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interacting with ACh-esterase to increase ACh.
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Which has most side effects, direct or indirect?
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indirect, because not specific, works on all ACh.
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Direct acting Muscarinic agonists
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Bethanecol
Pilocarpine |
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Direct acting muscarinic and nicotinic agonists
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Carbachol
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Indirect agonists
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Physostigmine
Neostigmine Edrophonium Pyridostigmine Organophosphates |
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Organophosphates are unique indirect agonists because its
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irreversibly bound
Atropine is antidote |
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Muscarinic effector organ responses
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inhibit heart, vasodilation, excitation of GI tract, Bronchoconstriction, miosis, urination, contract uterus, erection, increase panc secretions and SLUDD
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SLUDD
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Salivation
Lactation Urination Defication Death |
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Nicotinic effector organ responses
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Ganglionic transmission, muscle twitching, tremors, muscle paralysis
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Cholinergic Muscarinic antagonists
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Atropine - Increased HR, decrease secretions etc
Glycopyrrolate - doesn't cross CNS N-butylscopolammonium bromide |
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In general, cholinergic muscarinic antagonists block
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vagal input
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N- butylscopolammonium bromide does what
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suppresses spasms of the GI Tract, transient tacchycardia and mydriasis
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Mydriasis can be produced by ___ receptor agonist or _____ antagonist
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A1 agonist - phenylphedrine
muscarinic antagonist - N- butyl... |
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Increased HR can be produced by ______ agonist or ______ antagonist
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B1 agonist - Isoproteronol, Dobutamine, Dopamine, Epinephrine or Phenylpropnolamine,
Muscarinic - Atropine, or glycopyrrolate |
