Autonomic Drugs

Front 1

Bethanechol

Back 1

Cholinomimetic
activates bowel and bladder
post-op and neurogenic ileus
urinary retention

BETH, call me to pee and poo

Front 2

Carbachol

Back 2

Cholinomimetic
inc outflow through trabecular meshwork
glaucoma

Front 3

Pilocarpine

Back 3

Cholinomimetic
potent stimulator of sweat, tears, saliva

PILE on the sweat and tears

Front 4

Methacholine

Back 4

Cholinomimetic
stimulates M3 receptors in airway
challenge test diagnosis for asthma

Front 5

Neostigmine

Back 5

Cholinomimetic- Anticholinesterase

Post-op & Neurogenic Ileus, Myasthenia Gravis

NO CNS penetration

Front 6

Pyridostigmine

Back 6

Cholinomimetic- Anticholinesterase

Myasthenia Gravis (long acting)

Front 7

Edrophonium

Back 7

Cholinomimetic- Anticholinesterase

diagnosis of Myasthenia Gravis (short acting)

Front 8

Physostigmine

Back 8

Cholinomimetic- Anticholinesterase
Glaucoma (CNS penetration), atropine overdose

PHYS is for the EYES

Front 9

Echothiophate

Back 9

Cholinomimetic- Anticholinesterase

Glaucoma

Front 10

Muscurinic Toxicity
(ex. Anticholinesterase Poisoning)

Back 10

DUMBBELSS

diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS, lacrimation, sweating, salivation

Front 11

Antidote of Anticholinesterase Poisoning

Back 11

Atropine (M antagonist) + pralidoxine (regenerates cholinesterase)

Front 12

Benztropine

Back 12

Muscarinic antagonist

PARKinson's disease= PARK my BENZ

Front 13

Scopolamine

Back 13

Muscarinic antagonist
motion sickness

Front 14

Ipratropium

Back 14

Muscarinic antagonist
asthma, COPD

Front 15

Oxybutynin

Back 15

Muscarinic antagonist
reduces urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms

Front 16

Atropine

Back 16

Muscarinic antagonist
blocks DUMBBELSS but NO effect on skeletal muscle excitation b/c those have nicotinic recepotors; increase heart rate

SE: Hot as a hare, Dry as a bone, Red as a beet, Blind as a bat, Mad as a hatter

Front 17

Antimuscarinic Toxicity

Back 17

Hot as a hare: ↑body temp
Dry as a bone: dry mouth, dry skin
Red as a beet: flushed skin
Blind as a bat: cycloplegia, blurry vision
Mad as a hatter: disorientation

Palpatations, Urinary retention, Constipation

Front 18

Hexamethonium

Back 18

Nicotinic antagonist
prevents vagal reflex responses like reflex bradycardia caused by norepi

put a HEX on smokers (nicotine)

Front 19

Epinephrine

Back 19

Direct Sympathomimetic
α1, α2, β1, β2
Blow = selective β1 at low doses

Front 20

Norepinephrine

Back 20

Direct Sympathomimetic
α1= α2 > β1
Hypotensive shock (↓renal perfusion)

Front 21

Isoproterenol

Back 21

Direct Sympathomimetic
β1= β2 (ISOlated to β)
AV block

Front 22

Dopamine

Back 22

Direct Sympathomimetic
D1= D2> β> α, inotropic, chronotropic
Shock (↑renal perfusion), heart failure

Front 23

Dobutamine

Back 23

Direct Sympathomimetic
β1> β2, inotropic not chronotropic
Cardiac stress testing, shock, heart failure

Front 24

Phenylephrine

Back 24

Direct Sympathomimetic
α1> α2
Nasal decongestion, pupillary dilation, vasoconstriction

Front 25

Metaproterenol
Albuterol

Back 25

Direct Sympathomimetic
selective β2 agonists (β2> β1)
Acute asthma

Front 26

Salmeterol

Back 26

Direct Sympathomimetic
selective β2 agonists (β2> β1)
Long-term asthma treatment

Front 27

Terbutaline
Ritodrine

Back 27

Direct Sympathomimetic
β2 agonists
Reduce premature uterine contractions

Front 28

Amphetamine

Back 28

Indirect sympathomimetic
releases stored catecholamines
Narcolepsy, Obesity, ADD

Front 29

Ephedrine

Back 29

Indirect sympathomimetic
releases stored catecholamines
Nasal decongestion, Urinary incontinence

Front 30

Cocaine

Back 30

Indirect sympathomimetic
block Na+ channels
norepi/5HT/dopamine reuptake inhibitor
Vasoconstriction, Local anesthesia
SE: myocardial infarction

Front 31

Clonidine
α-methyldopa

Back 31

Sympathoplegic
central acting α2 agonist (α2 receptors on postsynamptic neuron inhibit norepi/epi release)
Hypertension (no change in renal perfusion)

Front 32

Phenoxybenzamine

Back 32

Irreversible α antagonist (nonselective)
Pheochromocytoma- use before removing tumor
Tox: orthostatic hypotenstion, reflex tachy

Front 33

Phentolamine

Back 33

Reversible α antagonist (nonselective)
Pheochromocytoma
Tox: orthostatic hypotenstion, reflex tachy

Front 34

(-zosin)
Prazosin
Terazosin
Doxazosin

Back 34

α1 selective antagonist
Hypertension, BPH urinary retention
Tox: 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, headache

Front 35

Mirtazapine

Back 35

α2 blocker
Depression
Tox: sedation, hypercholesterolemia, hunger

Front 36

Propranolol
Timolol
Nadolol
Pindolol
Labetolol

Back 36

Nonselective β-blockers
Hypertension, Angina pectoris, MI, SVT (propranolol), CHF, Glaucoma (timolol)

Pindolol- partial agonist

Front 37

Acebutolol
Betaxol
Esmolol
Atenolol
Metoprolol

Back 37

Selective β1-blockers
Hypertension, Angina pectoris, MI, SVT (esmolol-short acting), CHF

Acebutolol- partial agonist

Front 38

Carvedilol
Labetalol

Back 38

Nonselectvie α & β-antagonists

Front 39

Diphenyhydramine
Dimenhydrinate
Chlorpheniramine

Back 39

1st gen H1 blocker: also have antimuscarinic, antiadrenergic, & anti serotoninergic effects
Allergy, motion sickness, sleep aid

Front 40

Loratadine
Fexofenadine
Desloratadine
Cetirizine

Back 40

2nd gen H1 blocker
Allergy
Far less sedating b/c of ↓entry into CNS

Front 41

Hemicholinium

Back 41

Indirect Ach antagonist
Blocks reuptake of choline at the presynapse= ↓Ach synthesis

Front 42

Vasamicol

Back 42

Indirect Ach antagonist
Blocks transport of Ach into vesicles

Front 43

Botulinum

Back 43

Indirect Ach antagonist
Blocks exocytotic release of Ach into synapse

Front 44

Metyrosine

Back 44

↓Norepinephrine release into synapse
Blocks conversion of tyrosine to DOPA

Front 45

Reserpine

Back 45

↓Norepinephrine release into synapse
Blocks transport of dopamine/NE into vesicles

Front 46

Guanethidine

Back 46

↓Norepinephrine release into synapse
Blocks exocytotic release of NE into synapse