Australia

Front 1

When did vines first become widely planted in Australia?

Back 1

1850

Front 2

What were two of the first important Australian Producers?

Back 2

Penfolds and Lindemans

Front 3

What were two key factors in South Australia's rise to prominence?

Back 3

The spread of Phylloxera and the creation of the Commonwealth of Australia

Front 4

What percentage of Australian wine is produced in South Australia?

Back 4

50%

Front 5

What was the focus of Australian wine production until the 1960s?

Back 5

Sweet, fortified wines, known as "Stickies"

Front 6

What varietals led the movement toward dry table wines in Australia?

Back 6

Chardonnay, Shiraz, and Cabernet Sauvignon

Front 7

Australia is the ___ largest wine exporter in the world, behind _____, _______, and _______

Back 7

Fourth; Italy, France and Spain

Front 8

Why did Australia begin implementing mechanical harvesting in their vineyards?

Back 8

Lack of a large population, and a cheap labor force

Front 9

What technique made winemaking possible in large swaths of Australia's vineyard land? What two areas specifically?

Back 9

Irrigation, Riverland in South Australia and Riverina in New South Wales

Front 10

What methods give Australia an edge when it comes to ability inexpensive, quality wines?

Back 10

Mechanical Harvesting, technical proficiency, irrigation and blending over large tracts of land

Front 11

What makes Penfolds "Grange" different from many other luxury wines of the world?

Back 11

It is generally blended from many vineyards across several regions, not a single vineyard wine.

Front 12

What were the first two "cult" bottlings to come out of Australia? Inaugural Vintage?

Back 12

Penfolds "Grange", in 1951, and Henschke's "Hill of Grace" in 1958

Front 13

What are the two most important newer cult bottlings in Australia?

Back 13

Clarendon Hills "Australia's" and Torbreck's "RunRig" Shiraz

Front 14

What is Australia's biggest concern inhibiting production of wine currently?

Back 14

Drought and the brush fires of 2009 in Ybarra Valley, as well as springtime and early fall frosts

Front 15

What is Australia's Wine Regulation Organization>

Back 15

Wine Australia, established in 1981

Front 16

What did Wine Australia introduce in 1990?

Back 16

The Label Integrity Program, requiring wines labeled by variety, vintage, or region to contain 85% of the stated grape, year, or region respectively.

Front 17

What are regions defined as by Wine Australia?

Back 17

Geographical Indications (GIs)

Front 18

What limits are placed on GI-labeled wines?

Back 18

Only Geographical

Front 19

What is the geographical hierarchy (largest to smallest) of Australian wine?

Back 19

GIs, Zones, Regions, Sub-Regions

Front 20

Region/Sub-Region definition

Back 20

Single tract of land, with at least 5 independently owned vineyards of at least 5ha apiece, with a min. Output of 500 tons of wine grapes annually

Front 21

What did Wine Australia establish in 1996?

Back 21

A multi state zone called South Eastern Australia, encompassing Victoria, Tasmania, and New South Wales

Front 22

When and where were the first vineyards planted in Australia?

Back 22

1788, New South Wales

Front 23

Where is the Hunter Region located?

Back 23

A gentle, flat river valley running eastward from the Brokenback Mountains to the coast.

Front 24

What is most famously grown in the Hunter Region?

Back 24

White wine, Semillon being the region's greatest white grape.

Front 25

What is the Hunter subregion Broke Fordwich known for?

Back 25

It has the country's oldest plantings of Verdelho, and offers dynamic Semillon wines sourced from sandy, alluvial soils.

Front 26

What are the most important red grapes of Hunter region?

Back 26

Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon

Front 27

What grape performs extremely well in the Canberra District?

Back 27

Shiraz, Clonakilla's Canberra District Shiraz is among Australia's finest.

Front 28

What GI is southwest of Canberra? What is produced there?

Back 28

Tumbarumba GI, sparkling wines and still Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.

Front 29

What is the smallest and coolest state on the Australian mainland?

Back 29

Victoria

Front 30

What is Victoria's oldest wine region?

Back 30

Yarra Valley, sparkling (Moët & Chandon started the Australian Domaine Chandon here in 1987), Pinot Noir, as well as elegant styles of

Front 31

What soil types are found in the Yarra Valley?

Back 31

Grey-brown sandy loam and red basalt-derived soils

Front 32

What styles are produced in the Yarra Valley

Back 32

Sparkling (Domaine Chandon), still Pinot Noir as well as more elegant styles of Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, and Shiraz.

Front 33

What is Australia's most profoundly maritime climate?

Back 33

Mornington Peninsula

Front 34

What factors give Coastal Victoria such a cool, maritime climate?

Back 34

Sea breezes blowing up from Antarctica

Front 35

Where in Victoria is the climate Continental?

Back 35

North East Victoria, North West Victoria, and Central Victoria

Front 36

What is the hottest zone in Victoria?

Back 36

North West Victoria zone, irrigation is essential here

Front 37

What two GI regions are shared between Victoria and New South Wales?

Back 37

Murray Darling and Swan Hill

Front 38

What thrives in Bendigo, Heathcote and Goulburn Valley GIs? Where are these GIs located?

Back 38

Red grapes, particularly Shiraz; they're located in the Northern Central part of Victoria.

Front 39

What producer in Victoria is noted for protecting their vineyards from Phylloxera? Where in Victoria are they located? How old are the vines there?

Back 39

Tahbilk, the Nagambie Lakes subregion of Goulburn Valley, vines date back as far as 1860

Front 40

What Victoria regions are famous for sweet, fortified wines?

Back 40

Rutherglen and Glenrowan, both in the North East Victoria zone.

Front 41

How many zones are located in South Australia? Where is production concentrated?

Back 41

Eight, the lower southeastern sector

Front 42

What region of South Australia is known to produce Australia's best Cabernet Sauvignon?

Back 42

Coonawarra, within the Limestone Coast zone

Front 43

What is distinctive about Coonawarra?

Back 43

It's seemingly flat, yet a very slight ridge and the well-drained red "terra rossa" topsoil provides optimal conditions for Cabernet Sauvignon

Front 44

What are the best wines from Coonawarra?

Back 44

The wines of Majella, Wynn's "John Riddoch," and Parker Estate's "First Growth"

Front 45

What is the telltale note that defines Coonawarra Cabernet Sauvignon?

Back 45

Eucalyptus

Front 46

What soil is most commonly associated with Coonawarra, even though it's not solely found there?

Back 46

Red "Terra Rossa" soil

Front 47

What makes Padthaway GI different from Coonawarra?

Back 47

It's slightly warmer, more white grapes are grown here (mainly Chardonnay and Riesling)

Front 48

What are the GIs of Limestone Coast region?

Back 48

Coonawarra, Padthaway, Wrattonbully, Robe, Mount Benson and Mount Gambier

Front 49

What zone is located directly north of the Limestone Coast? What is made here?

Back 49

The Lower Murray zone, the sole region is Riverland GI, bulk wine is produced here

Front 50

What 3 zones are located to the west of Lower Murray?

Back 50

Fleurieu, Barossa, and Mount Lofty Ranges

Front 51

What climate does Fleurieu have? What is it's most famous GI?

Back 51

It has a Mediterranean climate, McLaren Vale GI is located here, famous for Cabernet Sauvignon and Rhone varieties

Front 52

What are McLaren Vale's best-known wines?

Back 52

D'Arenberg "Dead Arm" Shiraz, Yangarra "High Sands" Grenache, Drew Noon's Grenache-based "Eclipse," and Clarendon Hills' "Astralis" Shiraz

Front 53

North of the Fleurieu zone, ________ encapsulates the three regions of _________, _________, and _______

Back 53

Mount Lofty Ranges, Adelaide Hills, Adelaide Plains and Clare Valley

Front 54

Adelaide Hills GI

Back 54

Southernmost region in Mount Lofty Ranges, contains Lenswood and Piccadilly Valley subregions. Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and sparkling wines retain good acidity in the cool maritime climate

Front 55

Clare Valley GI

Back 55

Although the climate is warmer, and continental, with a lot of red grapes planted, is most well-known for classic examples of Riesling

Front 56

Where in Clare Valley are best rieslings produced?

Back 56

Higher-altitude, west-facing slopes, cooled by afternoon breezes and low nighttime temperatures

Front 57

Unofficial subregions of Clare Valley

Back 57

Watervale and Polish Hill River; characterized by limestone and broken slate, producing rieslings defined by lime candy, petrol, and tropical notes.

Front 58

What makes Clare Valley riesling different from Old World examples?

Back 58

Body and alcohol levels are generally higher, although wines can be quite austere in youth

Front 59

Who is the most well-known producer of Clare Valley Riesling?

Back 59

Grosset

Front 60

Difference between Adelaide Hills and Adelaide Plains from Adelaide GI

Back 60

Adelaide GI is a "super zone" allowing producers to blend from Barossa, Fleurieu, and Mount Lofty Ranges

Front 61

Barossa zone

Back 61

Surrounded by Mount Lofty Ranges, most important region for Shiraz

Front 62

Most critically acclaimed GI in Barossa zone

Back 62

Barossa Valley GI, known for opaque, dense, heavily extracted Shiraz full of dark fruit and chocolate

Front 63

Traditional vessel used for Barossa Valley Shiraz

Back 63

300-Liter American Oak "hogsheads," although more and more producers are switching to French oak Barriques

Front 64

Most important Barossa Valley Shiraz Producers

Back 64

Penfolds "Grange" uses a significant amount of Barossa Valley fruit. Torbreck, Peter Lehmann, and Rockford are also important

Front 65

Barossa Valley's cooler counterpart in the zone

Back 65

Eden Valley GI, land is more evenly distributed between red and white grapes

Front 66

What grapes are grown in Eden Valley?

Back 66

Riesling, Chardonnay, Viognier, Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon are all successful here

Front 67

Important Eden Valley Producers

Back 67

Yalumba, Pewsey Vale, and Henschke, producer of the famed "Hill of Grace," and it's precursor, the "Mount Edelstone" Shiraz

Front 68

What is Western Australia's most acclaimed appellation?

Back 68

Margaret River GI, with production almost evenly split between red ad white wines

Front 69

What wines inspire the highest praise in Margaret River GI?

Back 69

Gravelly, elegant Cabernet Sauvignon and Bordeaux-style blends

Front 70

Important Margaret River producers

Back 70

Cullen, Vasse Felix, Leeuwin Estate and Cape Mentelle

Front 71

Western Australia's second-most prominent region; five subregions

Back 71

Great Southern GI; Mount Barker, Frankland River, Albany, Porongurup, and Denmark

Front 72

What is Australia's largest state?

Back 72

Western Australia

Front 73

Three zones cover the inland and southern coast of Western Australia.

Back 73

Central Western Australia, Eastern Plains, and West Australian South East Coastal zone

Front 74

Where in Western Australia is the winemaking concentrated?

Back 74

Along the state's southwestern coast, in the zones of South West Australia and Greater Perth

Front 75

What shift has taken place in Western Australia since the 1970s?

Back 75

Wine production has shifted from the hot regions within Greater Perth to the cooler regions of South West Australia

Front 76

Two regions in Queensland

Back 76

Granite Belt and South Burnett

Front 77

What seems poised to become Queensland's third GI in the future?

Back 77

Darling Downs, directly south of South Burnett

Front 78

What island is located south of Victoria?

Back 78

Tasmania

Front 79

What is Tasmania's climate perfectly suited for?

Back 79

Sparkling wines