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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Does it get cooler or hotter the further south you go in Australia? |
Cooler! As it’s in he Southern Hemisphere (most people live down south below the 35th parallel) |
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How long ago did Australia first start growing grapes |
200 years ago (from EU stock) |
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Where were the first commercial vineyards planted in 1830? |
Hunter valley |
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What are two Vini aims in Australia? |
1. Preserve the fruit fruit character 2. To retain a soft and supple structure for wood matured red and whites How? Better selection of yeasts Whites fermented at low temps MLF (no mlf for aromatic varieties) Tartaric acid added (Chaptellisation forbidden) |
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Some of the worlds oldest vines are where ? |
Barossa (un- grafted bush trained Shiraz ) |
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What vini practices helps preserve the fruit character in this hot climate? |
Machine Harvest at night Chill after crushing white grapes in a Must Chiller! |
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What type of oak for reds is commonly used? |
French (mostly for premium wines, American typically for Shiraz) |
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What type of closure is commonly now used? |
Screw cap as cork taint and oxidation |
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What white grape is considered austalias finest |
Riesling (Clare and Eden valleys) Dry or off dry. Some sweet. Unoaked |
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What red wine made from Shiraz is the international icon of Australia? |
Penfolds Grange |
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What red wine made from Shiraz is the international icon of Australia? |
Penfolds Grange |
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Lower Hunter Zone soils and climate |
Volcanic Rainy! (Grey rot a problem) |
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The famous Lower Hunter Valley produces which two types of wines? |
Un- Oaked semillon (yet is honey / toasted flavours)! Soft and earthy Shiraz |
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The famous Lower Hunter Valley produces which two types of wines? |
Un- Oaked semillon (yet is honey / toasted flavours)! Soft and earthy Shiraz |
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Upper hunter produces which main grape |
Chard (drier, irrigated) |
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How has Australia taken the lead in producing easy to drink, popular wines they make today? |
Five factories fuel the growth: Climate Lots of land Innovation Technology Fruit-first winemaking philosophy |
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What is a climatic factor that promotes the quality of Aussie wines |
Warm ocean that surrounds Oz= Keeps nighttime temps higher creating a warming effect for winegrowing season |
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What helps make the prices of Aussie wines competitive? |
Lower land costs and is plentiful for Prime vineyards vs the best vineyard land in EU and N America. This gives Aussie winemakers a huge cost advantage over their rivals, allowing them to produce wines at competitive prices |
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Oz are the most technically advanced wineproducing country. How? |
Able to handle harvest and fermentation at same winery - not often found in EU |
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Typical styles that winemakers make for reds and whites? |
Fruit forward characters for both that reflect variety of grape Reduced acidity for whites and astringency of tannins for reds = creates soft wines that do not require extensive ageing |
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To keep fruit first, oz wines are often bottled after how long of harvest? |
6–9 months |
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3 winemaking styles unique to oz |
Fruit forward flavours Reduced tannins Reduced tartness |
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The 85% rule in Oz!! Meaning... |
Vintage Grape variety Region |
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Which 3 districts are in NSW? |
Hunter (lower and upper) Central ranges zone (Mudgee) - mudgee, Orange, Cowra (high alt) concentrated sauv blanc, Riesling, chard, cab sauv Riverina Canberra district (high alt) - PN, Riesling, Viog, Shiraz |
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Canberra in NSW produces what styles of what wines? |
Viog, Riesling PN, Shiraz Delicate as small, high alt, spring frost an issue |
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The cooler Central Ranges in NSW produce what styles of wine |
Concentrated Chard, Cab sauv Rieslings and sauv blanc at high alt |
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Which two grapes dominate in Victoria |
Shiraz and chard |
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Victoria (warm in north, cool in south) has 6 main geo locations being what? |
1. NE vic - Rutherglen(Italian and Spanish native grapes (Sangiovese and Graciano) Chard and Shiraz at lower sites Continental climate 2. NW vic- Murray darling (bulk, irrigation) 3. Central vic- heathcote (Shiraz) and Goulbourn Valley (DISTINCtIvE WHItES - Rhône varieties - marsanne, rousanne, Viog Riesling, premium Shiraz and Cab Western vic - Grampians Limestone, sparkling wines Powerful high tannin Shiraz
4. Port Philip zone Geelong (barren, windy. Shiraz, PN, Riesling, Viog Yarra (cool and wet, under-ripe grapes, fungal disease). Chard, PN, Cab Mornington (cool maritime, boutique producers, PN, Chard) |
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Name areas in South Aus |
1. Lower Murray zone (riverina) 2. Barossa Zone (includes Eden valley) 3. Fleurieu Peninsula zone (langhorne, McLaren vale) 4. Mount lofty ranges zone (Adelaide hills, Clare valley) 5. Limestone coast (coonawarra, padthaway) |
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Soils in barossa (south oz) |
Limestone and ironstone |
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Climate in barossa |
Hot (produces outstanding wines from Old Bush Vines) -SGM and Cab (35 yr old vines qualify as old vines) but many up to 150 yrs old (ungrafted) |
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What is barossa Shiraz often ages in |
American oak (responds well) |
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What is barossa Shiraz often ages in |
American oak (responds well) |
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What does it mean if only Barossa is started on the label |
Grapes can come from anywhere in the Barossa zone I.e Eden Valley |
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What is barossa Shiraz often ages in |
American oak (responds well) |
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What does it mean if only Barossa is started on the label |
Grapes can come from anywhere in the Barossa zone I.e Eden Valley |
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What winemaking techniques are commonly performed to drop the alcohol in Barossa shiraz? |
Acidicfiation and reverse osmosis |
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What is barossa Shiraz often ages in |
American oak (responds well) |
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What does it mean if only Barossa is started on the label |
Grapes can come from anywhere in the Barossa zone I.e Eden Valley |
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What winemaking techniques are commonly performed to drop the alcohol in Barossa shiraz? |
Acidicfiation and reverse osmosis |
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Style of Eden valley Riesling? |
Dry or off dry, high acid
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Two regions in Fleurieu peninsula zone |
McLaren vale Langorne creek |
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Two regions in Fleurieu peninsula zone |
McLaren vale Langorne creek |
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Important climatic factor in fleurieu pennisnusla zone |
Cooled by ocean breeze (reds Woolf be big and powerful otherwise) |
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Type of wines Fleurieu known for? |
REDs (Shiraz, cab sauv) |
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Important producers in McLaren vale |
Geoff Merrill (McLaren vale Shiraz) Walter clapped (biodynamic) |
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Style of wine in Langhorne Creek |
Earthy, bodied Shiraz |
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Unique soils in McLaren vale |
Terra Rossa soils and sandy and clay |
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Two regions in Mount Lofty zones |
Clare valley Adelaide hills (cooler climates here) |
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What is the difference between eden and Clare rieslings? |
Clare produces lighter bodied, riper fruit, lower alc , more therefore austere rislings. Why? Cool nights / cooler climate than Barossa but note - both Eden and Clare have cool nights and are at altitude... Clare has more sunshine!! Quality as differences in slope, aspect and soil Eden is tighter, more mineral but could mean it ages better |
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What is Adelaide hills compared with more of late due to its increased quality of its chard |
Burgundy |
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Which other region produces Terra Tossa soil |
Coonawarra (red soils) Excellent quality cab sauv as good drainage! |
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Which other region produces Terra Tossa soil |
Coonawarra (red soils) Excellent quality cab sauv as good drainage! |
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Two regions in limestone coast |
Coonawarra and padthaway |
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Coonawarra rivals Bordeaux for its cab due to |
Excellently well draining terra Rosso soils Drier growing conditions |
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Padthaway in mount lofty zone produces what |
Chard and Cab Treasury wine estate prime producer |
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Padthaway in mount lofty zone produces what |
Chard and Cab Treasury wine estate prime producer |
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Weatherman Oz accounts for how much total production |
3% BUT! 30% of awards This high quality commands high prices |
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Padthaway in mount lofty zone produces what |
Chard and Cab Treasury wine estate prime producer |
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Weatherman Oz accounts for how much total production |
3% BUT! 30% of awards This high quality commands high prices |
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South west oz regions |
Margaret river Mount barker |
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Despite the maritime climate of Margaret river, and wet wineters being next to the sea, why is irrigation essential? |
High salt content in ground water |
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Despite the maritime climate of Margaret river, and wet wineters being next to the sea, why is irrigation essential? |
High salt content in ground water |
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Styles Margaret river produces |
Outstanding Bordeaux blends Cab sauv Chard Arm |
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The young vineyards of Mount barker produces what |
Full bodied cab Peppery Shiraz Fruit driven Riesling |
